US 5,229,713 A · Method for determining electrical energy consumption

Abstract

A method of operating a meter to perform the steps of generating a measure of real energy consumed, generating a measure of reactive energy consumed, and generating, from the real energy and reactive energy measures, a measure of apparent energy consumed. In one embodiment, the real energy and reactive energy measures are provided as integer quantity inputs. Particularly, assume S=kVAh, P=kWh, Q=kVARh, and R=Residue. Respective registers store values of P, [2P+1], Q, [2Q+1], and the sum [P.sup.2 +Q.sup.2 ]. Initially, the P, Q, and [P.sup.2 +Q.sup.2 ] registers are set to zero, while the [2P+1] and [2Q+1] registers are initialized to 1. At the arrival of a P pulse, the value in the [2P +1] register is added to the [P.sup.2 +Q.sup.2 ] register, then the P register is incremented by 1 and the [2P+1] register is incremented by 2. Exactly the same steps are carried out subsequent to receipt of a Q pulse. A set of registers also is used to store the S and [2S+1] data, and generation of the S pulses is determined as follows. After arrival of either a P or Q pulse, a trial subtraction of [2S+1] is made from the [P.sup.2 +Q.sup.2 ] register. If the subtraction does not cause an underflow, an S pulse is generated, the S register is incremented by 1, and the [2S+1] register is incremented by 2. If the subtraction causes an underflow, the [P.sup.2 +Q.sup.2 ] register is reset to its previous value, the other registers are not incremented, and no S pulse is generated.

Claims34

Dependent claims

A method of operating a meter coupled between an end user and a power delivery system, the meter comprising metering means and processing means, the processing means comprising register means for storing values of P, (2P-1), Q (2Q-1), R, S and (2S-1) where P=real energy, Q=reactive energy, S=apparent energy and R=remainder, said method comprising the steps of:

outputting, from the metering means, and upon each occurrence of the end user consuming a predetermined quantum of real energy , a pulse representative of the predetermined quantum of real energy, which pulse is provided to the processing means, and upon receipt of each real energy pulse by the processing means, controlling the processing means to perform the steps of:
incrementing the (2P-1) register means by two;
adding the value of the (2P-1) register means to the R register means;
and
incrementing the P register means by one;
outputting, from the metering means, and upon each occurrence of the end user consuming a predetermined quantum of reactive energy, a pulse representative of the predetermined quantum of reactive energy, which pulse is provided to the processing means, and upon receipt of each reactive energy pulse by the processing means, controlling the processing means to perform the steps of:
incrementing the (2Q-1) register means by two;
adding the value of the (2Q-1) register means to the R register means;
and
incrementing the Q register means by one;
generating, in the processing means, and from values stored in the register means, a measure of apparent energy.

8 more elements

Apparatus for determining apparent energy consumed by an end user coupled to a power delivery system providing such energy to the end user, said apparatus comprising:

metering means for coupling between the end user and the power delivery system, said metering means being configured to generate, each time a predetermined quantum of real and reactive energy has been consumed from the power delivery system by the end user, a real energy pulse representative of the predetermined quantum of real energy consumed by the end user and a reactive energy pulse representative of the predetermined quantum of reactive energy consumed by the end user, respectively;
processing means coupled to said metering means for receiving the real energy pulses and the reactive energy pulses output therefrom, said processing means further comprising register means for storing values of P, (2P-1) Q, (2Q-1), R, S and (2S-1) where P=real energy, Q=reactive energy, S=apparent energy and R=remainder, said processing means being controlled to perform the steps of:
upon receipt of a real energy pulse from said metering means, performing the steps of:
incrementing said (2P-1) register means by two;
adding the value of said (2P-1) register means to said R register means;
and
incrementing said P register means by one;
upon receipt of the reactive energy pulse from said metering means, performing the steps of:
incrementing said (2Q-1) register means by two;
adding the value of said (2Q-1) register means to said R register means;
and
incrementing said Q register means by one;
generating, from values stored in said register means, a measure of apparent energy.

10 more elements

A method of operating a meter coupled between an end user and a power delivery system, the meter comprising metering means and processing means, the processing means comprising register means for storing values of W, Q, S, R, (2Q+1), (2W+1) and (2S+1), where W=watthours, Q=Qhours, S=apparent energy and R=remainder, said method comprising the steps of:

outputting, from the metering means, and upon each occurrence of the end user consuming a predetermined quantum of real energy, a pulse representative of the predetermined quantum of real energy, which pulse is provided to the processing means, and upon receipt of each real energy pulse by the processing means, controlling the processing means to perform the steps of:
adding 4*(2W-1) to the R register means;
subtracting (4*Q) from the R register means;
incrementing the W register means by one;
and
incrementing the (2W+1) register means by two;
outputting, from the metering means, and upon each occurrence of the end user consuming a predetermined quantum of Q energy, a pulse representative of the predetermined quantum of Q energy, which pulse is provided to the processing means, and upon receipt of each Q energy pulse by the processing means, controlling the processing means to perform the steps of:
adding 4*(2 Q+1) to the R register means;
subtracting (4*W) from the R register means;
incrementing the Q register means by one;
and
incrementing the (2Q+1) register means by two;
generating, in the processing means, and from values stored in the register means, a measure of apparent energy.

10 more elements

A method of operating a meter coupled between an end user and a power delivery system, the meter comprising metering means and processing means, the processing means comprising register means for storing values of W, Q, S, R, (2Q-1), (2W-1) and (2S-1), where W=watthours, Q=Qhours, S=apparent energy and R=remainder, said method comprising the steps of:

outputting, from the metering means, and upon each occurrence of the end user consuming a predetermined quantum of real energy, a pulse representative of the predetermined quantum of real energy, which pulse is provided to the processing means, and upon receipt of each real energy pulse by the processing means, controlling the processing means to perform the steps of:
incrementing the W register means by one;
incrementing the (2W-1) register means by two;
adding 4*(2W-1) to the R register means;
and
subtracting (4*Q) from the R register means;
outputting, from the metering means, and upon each occurrence of the end user consuming a predetermined quantum of Q energy, a pulse representative of the predetermined quantum of Q energy, which pulse is provided to the processing means, and upon receipt of each Q energy pulse by the processing means, controlling the processing means to perform the steps of:
incrementing the Q register means by one;
incrementing the (2Q-1) register means by two;
adding 4*(2Q-1) to the R register means;
and
subtracting (4*W) from the R register means.

9 more elements

A method of operating a meter coupled between an end user and a power delivery system, the meter comprising meting means and processing means, the processing means comprising register means for storing values of P, (2P+1), (2Q+1), R, S and (2S+1) where P=real energy, Q=reactive energy, S=apparent energy and R=remainder, said method comprising the steps of:

outputting, from the metering means, and upon each occurrence of the end user consuming a predetermined quantum of real energy, a pulse representative of the predetermined quantum of real energy, which pulse is provided to the processing means, and upon receipt of each real energy pulse by the processing means, controlling the processing means to perform the steps of:
adding the value of the (2P+1) register means to the R register means;
incrementing the P register means by one;
and
incrementing the (2P-1) register means by two;
outputting, from the metering means, and upon each occurrence of the end user consuming a predetermined quantum of reactive energy, a pulse representative of the predetermined quantum of reactive energy, which pulse is provided to the processing means, and upon receipt of each reactive energy pulse by the processing means, controlling the processing means to perform the steps of:
adding the value of the (2Q+1) register means to the R register means;
incrementing the Q register means by one;
incrementing the (2Q-1) register means by two;
and
generating, in the processing means, and from values stored in the register means, a measure of apparent energy, generation of the measure of apparent energy comprising the steps of:
subtracting the value of the (2S-1) register means from the value of the R register means, and if the subtraction results in a positive number, then performing the steps of:
decrementing the R register means by (2S+1);
incrementing the S register means by one;
and
incrementing the (2S+1) register means by two.

13 more elements

Apparatus for determining apparent energy consumed by an end user coupled to a power delivery system providing such energy to the end user, said apparatus comprising:

metering means for coupling between the end user and the power delivery system, said metering means being configured to generate, each time a predetermined quantum of real and reactive energy has been consumed from the power delivery system by the end user, a real energy pulse representative of the predetermined quantum of real energy consumed by the end user and a reactive energy pulse representative of the predetermined quantum of reactive energy consumed by the end user, respectively;
processing means coupled to said metering means for receiving the real energy pulses and the reactive energy pulses output therefrom, said processing means further comprising register means for storing values of P, (2P+1), Q, (2Q+1), R, S and (2S+1) where P=real energy, Q=reactive energy, S=apparent energy and R=remainder, said processing means being controlled to perform the steps of:
upon receipt of a real energy pulse from said metering means, performing the steps of:
adding the value of said (2P+1) register means to said R register means;
incrementing said P register by one;
and
incrementing said (2P+1) register means by two;
upon receipt of the reactive energy pulse from said metering means, performing the steps of:
adding the value of said (2Q+1) register means to said R register means;
incrementing said Q register by one;
and
incrementing said (2Q+1) register means by two;
generating, from values stored in said register means, a measure of apparent energy, generation of the measure of apparent energy comprising the steps of:
subtracting the value of the (2S-1) register means from the value of the R register means, and if the subtraction results in a positive number, then performing the steps of:
decrementing the R register means by (2S+1);
incrementing the S register means by one;
and
incrementing the (2S+1) register means by two.

15 more elements

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.

Method for determining electrical energy consumption

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Method for determining electrical energy consumption

Life of this patent

Abstract

Claims34