Derivatives of .alpha.-(4-substituted phenyl)ethyl alcohols and liquid crystal compositions containing the same

A liquid crystal composition comprising:

• at least one .alpha.-(4-Substituted phenyl)ethyl alcohol compound of the formula (I):
• ##STR23## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and are a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, X is ##STR24## Y is --O-- and Y' is a single bond;
• and one or more liquid crystal compounds exhibiting smectic C phase represented by the following formula (IV), (V) or (VI):
• ##STR25## wherein A and B are each a single bond or the group --COO--, --OCO--, --CH.dbd.CH--COO, --OCO--CH.dbd.CH--, --O--, --S--,--OCOO-- or --CO;
• D and E are each a single bond or the group --COO--, --OCO--, --CH.dbd.N--, --N.dbd.CH, --CH.dbd.CH--, --C.tbd.C--, --CH.dbd.CH--COO--, --OCO--CH.dbd.CH--, --CH.sub. CH.sub.2 --, --OCH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 O--, --COS-- or--SCO--;
• ##STR26## are each a 6-membered ring such as benzene ring, pyridine ring, pyrimidine ring, pyrazine ring, pyridazine ring, piperazine ring, cyclohexane ring, pyran ring, dioxacyclohexane ring, thiapyran ring, dithian ring, thiadizaine ring, bicyclo (2.2.2) octane ring or tetrazine ring, such a 6-membered ring having or not having a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom, cyano, nitro, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy group or deuterium (D) substituting for the hydrogen atom in the ring;
• R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each a straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms;
• and p is an integer of 1 or 2.