US 5,209,187 A · Low pollutant - emission, high efficiency cyclonic burner for firetube boilers and heaters

Abstract

A low pollutant emission, high efficiency cyclonic burner and cyclonic combustion process for firetube boilers and heaters in which the combustion air required for complete combustion is introduced into the cyclonic burner in stages. Fuel and primary combustion air in an amount of about 30% to about 90% of the stoichiometric requirement for complete combustion of the fuel are tangentially injected into a primary combustion zone of a combustion chamber within the burner. Secondary combustion air in an amount of about 10% to about 90% of the stoichiometric requirement for complete combustion of the fuel is introduced into a secondary combustion zone in the combustion chamber downstream of the primary combustion zone. The combustion chamber walls are cooled to maintain the combustion chamber temperature between about 1600.degree. F. and 2400.degree. F.

Claims23

Dependent claims

A process for cyclonic combustion with ultra-low pollutant emissions and high efficiency in firetube boilers, comprising the steps of:

(a) tangentially injecting fuel into a primary combustion zone of a combustion chamber of a cyclonic burner;
(b) tangentially injecting primary combustion air into the primary combustion zone in an amount equal to between about 30% and about 90% of a stoichiometric requirement for complete combustion of the fuel;
(c) burning a primary combustion air/fuel mixture formed by the fuel and the primary combustion air, within the primary combustion zone, forming primary combustion products;
(d) injecting secondary combustion air into a secondary combustion zone of the combustion chamber of the cyclonic burner in an amount equal to between about 10% and about 90% of the stoichiometric requirement;
(e) completing combustion in the secondary combustion zone, forming products of complete combustion;
and
(f) water-cooling at least a portion of a combustor side wall and a firetube wall which define the primary combustion zone and the secondary combustion zone.

4 more elements

A cyclonic burner for firetube boilers and heaters comprising:

at least one combustor side wall secured to a combustor front wall defining a hollow body having an open end;
a firetube linearly in communication with said open end of said hollow body, said combustor side wall, said combustor front wall and said firetube defining a combustion chamber having a primary combustion zone and a secondary combustion zone;
cooling means for cooling said primary combustion zone surrounding a portion of said primary combustion zone and for cooling said secondary combustion zone surrounding a portion of said secondary combustion zone;
primary tangential injection means for tangentially injecting a fuel and primary combustion air into said primary combustion zone disposed toward said combustion chamber front wall;
secondary combustion air injection means for injecting secondary combustion air with a swirl into said secondary combustion zone;
a secondary combustion zone discharge orifice secured to a firetube wall of said firetube and positioned at a combustion chamber discharge end;
a vessel wall, each said combustor side wall secured to said vessel wall;
and
said firetube secured to said vessel wall.

6 more elements

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.

Low pollutant - emission, high efficiency cyclonic burner for firetube boilers and heaters

Life of this patent

Low pollutant - emission, high efficiency cyclonic burner for firetube boilers and heaters

Life of this patent

Abstract

Claims23