Method for reducing the combustibility of combustible materials

A method for reducing the combustibility of a compatible combustible material comprising;

• treating the compatible combustible material with an effective amount of a fire retardant composition comprising a silane or a siloxane or combination thereof,
• wherein the silane has the general formula:
• ##STR10## wherein the siloxane has the general formula:
• ##STR11## wherein Si is silicon;
• O is oxygen;
• n is a positive integer;
• and A is selected from the group consisting essentially of H, R, H, or Q wherein
• H is a hydrogen atom;
• R is selected from the group consisting essentially of an alkyl group containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof, wherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the alkyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms;
• X is selected from a group consisting essentially of a halogen, hydroxyl group, RO group wherein O is oxygen, RNR or RNH wherein N is nitrogen, or carboxylic group;
• and
• Q is selected from a group consisting essentially of an alkyl group containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof, wherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the alkyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms,
• wherein Q is substituted with at least one --EH.sub.x R.sub.b group,
• wherein when x+b=1, then E is (E).sub.m wherein m is an integer of 1-5 and E is sulfur or selenium, when x+b=2, then E is aluminum, phosphorus or arsenic, and when x+b=3, then E is silicon, germanium, or tin,
• with the proviso that at least one A is X, and at least one A is Q in the composition, wherein the Q group is attached to a silicon atoms in the silane or siloxane formula by a carbon atom, and
• wherein the silicon fire retardant composition containing moiety is substantially chemically bonded to the compatible combustible material and the Y group is substantially chemically bonded to the silicon moiety whereby the Y group substantially cannot be removed from the silicon moiety by water washing.

A method for reducing the combustibility of a compatible combustible material comprising:

• treating the compatible combustible material with an effective amount of a fire retardant composition
• comprising a silane or a siloxane or combustion thereof, wherein the silane has the general formula:
• ##STR12## wherein the siloxane has the general formula:
• wherein Si silicon;
• O is oxygen;
• n is a positive integer;
• and A is selected from the group consisting essentially of H, R, X, or D wherein
• H is a hydrogen atom;
• R is selected from the group consisting essentially of an alkyl group containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof, wherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the alkyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms;
• X is selected from a group consisting essentially of a halogen, hydroxy group, RO group wherein O is oxygen, RNR or RNH wherein N is nitrogen, or carboxylic group;
• and
• D is selected from a group consisting essentially of an alkyl group containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof, wherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the alkyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms,
• wherein D is substituted with at least one moiety comprising an element capable of forming a covalent bond with carbon having an average bond energy of 72 kcal/mol or less,
• with the proviso that at least one A is X, and at least one A is D in the composition, wherein the D group is connected to a silicon in the silane or the siloxane formula by a carbon atom, and
• wherein the silicon fire retardant composition containing moiety is substantially chemically bonded to the compatible combustible material and the Y group is substantially chemically bonded to the silicon moiety whereby the Y group substantially cannot be removed from the silicon moiety by water washing.

A fire retardant article, comprising:

• a compatible combustible material treated with an effective amount of a fire retardant agent comprising silane or a siloxane or a combination thereof,
• wherein the silane has the general formula:
• ##STR13## wherein the siloxane has the general formula:
• ##STR14## wherein Si is silicon;
• O is oxygen;
• n is a positive integer;
• and A is selected from the group consisting essentially of H, R, X, or Y wherein
• H is a hydrogen atom;
• R is selected from the group consisting essentially of an alkyl group containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof, wherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the alkyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms;
• X is selected from a group consisting essentially of a halogen, hydroxyl group, RO group wherein O is oxygen, RNR or RNH wherein N is nitrogen, or carboxylic group;
• and
• Y is selected from a group consisting essentially of an alkyl group containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof, wherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the alkyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms,
• wherein Y is substituted with at least one bromine atom or at least one iodine atom,
• with the proviso that at least one A is X, and at least one A is Y in the composition, wherein the Y group is connected to a silicon atom in the silane or the siloxane formula by a carbon atom.
• wherein the silicon fire retardant composition containing moiety is substantially chemically bonded to the compatible combustible material and the Y group is substantially chemically bonded to the silicon moiety whereby the Y group substantially cannot be removed from the silicon moiety by water washing.

A fire retardant article, comprising:

• a compatible combustible material treated with an effective amount of a fire retardant agent comprising a silane or a siloxane or combination thereof,
• wherein the silane has the general formula:
• ##STR15## wherein the siloxane has the general formula:
• ##STR16## wherein Si is silicon;
• O is oxygen;
• n is a positive integer;
• and A is selected rom the group consisting essentially of H, R, X, or Q wherein
• H is a hydrogen atom;
• R is selected from the group consisting essentially of an alkyl group containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof, wherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the alkyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms;
• X is selected from a group consisting essentially of a halogen, hydroxyl group, RO group wherein O is oxygen, RNR or RNH wherein N is nitrogen, or carboxylic group;
• and
• Q is selected from a group consisting essentially of an alkyl group containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof, wherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the alkyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms,
• wherein Q is substituted with at least one --EH.sub.x R.sub.b group,
• wherein when x+b=1, the E is (E).sub.m wherein m is an integer of 1-5 and E is sulfur or selenium, when x+b=2, then E is aluminum, phosphorus or arsenic, and when x+b=3, then E is silicon, germanium, or tin,
• with the proviso that at least one A is X, and at least one A is Q in the composition, wherein the Q group is connected to a silicon atom in the silane or the siloxane formula by a carbon atom, and
• wherein the silicon fire retardant composition containing moiety is substantially chemically bonded to the compatible combustible material and the Y group is substantially chemically bonded to the silicon moiety whereby the Y group substantially cannot be removed from the silicon moiety by water washing.

A fire retardant and water resistant article, comprising:

• a compatible combustible material treated with an effective amount of a fire retardant agent comprising a silane or a siloxane or combination thereof,
• wherein the silane has the general formula:
• ##STR17## wherein the siloxane has the general formula:
• ##STR18## wherein Si is silicon;
• O is oxygen;
• n is a positive integer;
• and A is selected from the group consisting essentially of H, R, X, or D wherein
• H is a hydrogen atom;
• R is selected from the group consisting essentially of an alkyl group containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof, wherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the alkyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms;
• X is selected from a group consisting essentially of a halogen, hydroxyl group, RO group wherein O is oxygen, RNR or RNH wherein N is nitrogen, or carboxylic group;
• and
• D is selected from a group consisting essentially of an alkyl group containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof, wherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the alkyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms,
• wherein D is substituted with at least one moiety comprising an element capable of forming a covalent bond with carbon having an average bond energy of 72 kcal/mol or less,
• with the proviso that at least one A is X, and at least one A is D in the composition, wherein the D group is connected to a silicon atom in the silane or siloxane formed by a carbon atom.
• wherein the silicon fire retardant composition containing moiety is substantially chemically bonded to the compatible combustible material and the Y group is substantially chemically bonded to the silicon moiety whereby the Y group substantially cannot be removed from the silicon moiety by water washing.