Clamping tool for non-positive and high-precision clamping of workpieces

Clamping tool for frictional, high-precision clamping of a workpiece at defined machined bearing surfaces of the workpiece, comprising a metallic expansion element configured with a region of precisely machined clamping surfaces so as to come into contact with the workpiece in a clamped state, as a complementary shape of the bearing surfaces of the workpiece, and in an unclamped state, the clamping surfaces are sized relative to the bearing surfaces of the workpiece to minimize minimum play therebetween, and to which on a rear side of the metallic expansion element opposite the clamping surfaces force is applied over a large area transverse to the clamping surfaces such that a wall of the metallic expansion element is reversibly deformed and the clamping surfaces bear against the bearing surfaces of the workpiece to clamp the workpiece frictionally in place, wherein the expansion element is an alloy composition with shape-memory capacity such that a region of reversible stress-inducible austenitic/martensitic microstructural transformation occurs at a temperature at which the clamping tool is used for clamping the workpiece.