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US 5,184,218 AGranted
Bandwidth compression and expansion system
AssigneeWavePhore, Inc.
InventorRichard C. Gerdes
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AssigneeWavePhore, Inc.
InventorRichard C. Gerdes
Estimating the term…
A bandwidth compression and expansion system is provided in which analog data is processed in real time using a sub-sampling technique in which pixels or other data values within a sub-sampling region determine the value of a corresponding signal which also denotes trends or patterns in accordance with the other pixels or signal values within a sampling region encompassing the sub-sampling region. Neural networks are used to implement the sub-sampling process both during bandwidth compression and during bandwidth expansion in which interpolation and extrapolation are employed to reverse the sub-sampling process used during compression. The neural network forms part of an arrangement in which analog input signals are converted to digital signals that are then stored in a random access memory which operates in conjunction with an address generator for identifying a succession of sampling and sub-sampling regions within the memory. The output of the memory is converted to an analog signal before being held in a sample and hold memory for use in the neural network.
An arrangement for modifying the bandwidth of an analog input signal comprising the combination of means for periodically examining the analog input signal within a sampling region encompassing a first plurality of values of the analog input signal and within a subsampling region encompassing a second plurality of values of the analog input signal within a portion of the sampling region, and means responsive to each examining of the analog input signal for providing a corresponding output signal representing the second plurality of values within the subsampling region and related to those of the first plurality of values not included in the second plurality of values.
An arrangement for compressing the bandwidth of a video signal occurring as a succession of frames of pixel values, comprising the combination of means responsive to the occurrence of each of the succession of frames for undergoing a single scanning of the entire frame as it occurs, means responsive to the single scanning of each frame as it occurs for generating output signals representing the values of pixels within a succession of like sampling regions within the frame, the output signals comprising a bandwidth compressed video signal, wherein each of the succession of the like sampling regions has a subsampling region therein, and the means for generating output signal is operative to generate a different output signal for each subsampling region, the output signal having a value representing the pixels within the subsampling region and a trend in pixel values denoted by the pixels outside of the subsampling region but within the sampling region.
A synthesizer for enhancing an image comprises the combination of means for isolating a selective portion of the image for processing and means for expanding the isolated selected portion of the image in accordance with a subsampling algorithm to provide an enhanced image, wherein the image has a given aspect ratio and the means for expanding is operative to provide the enhanced image with an aspect ratio different from the given aspect ratio.
A synthesizer for enhancing an image comprising the combination of means for isolating a selective portion of the image for processing and means for expanding the isolated selected portion of the image in accordance with a subsampling algorithm to provide an enhanced image, wherein the means for expanding is operative to expand the isolated selected portion of the image by a factor of 5:2 in each of 2 orthogonal directions.
An arrangement for providing bandwidth modification of an analog signal comprising the combination of means for converting the analog signal to a digital signal, means for temporarily storing the digital signal, means for identifying values of the digital signal within a sampling region, means for converting the values of the digital signal within the sampling region to analog values, and means for providing an output signal having a value determined by those of the analog values within a subsampling region within the sampling region and influenced by the remaining analog values within the sampling region.
A synthesizer for converting a standard video signal having horizontal and vertical synchronizing signals into a high definition video signal comprising the combination of means for converting the standard video signal into a digital signal, a memory for storing the digital signal, means for converting digital signals stored in the memory into analog signals, means for temporarily storing the analog signals, a neural network coupled to the means for temporarily storing and operative to expand each analog signal in the means for temporarily storing into a plurality of analog values in accordance with an algorithm to provide a high definition video signal, and an address generator responsive to the horizontal and vertical synchronizing signals for addressing a succession of different locations within the memory.
An arrangement for compressing an analog signal comprising the combination of means for identifying values of the analog signal within a sampling region and within a sub-sampling region within the sampling region, and a neural network for providing a compressed output signal determined by values of the analog signal within the sub-sampling region and influenced by values of the analog signal within the sampling region and outside of the sub-sampling region.
An arrangement for decompressing an analog signal comprising the combination of means for identifying the values of successive samples of the analog signal, and means for providing expanded output signals in response to the successive samples by implementing a sub-sampling algorithm.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.