A process for producing a (+)-trans-2,2-dimethyl-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)cyclopropane carboxylic acid or salts thereof, which comprises allowing a (.+-.)-2,2-dimethyl-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)cyclopropane carboxylic acid ester represented by formula (VIII), ##STR18## wherein R is selected from the group consisting of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group and a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group substituted with a halogen atom, to react with Arthrobacter globiformis IFO-12958 or an esterase produced thereby which can perform this hydrolysis, to asymmetrically hydrolyze said ester thereby forming said (+)-trans-2,2-dimethyl-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)cyclopropane carboxylic acid salts thereof and the ester of its diastereomer, and then recovering said (+)-trans-2,2-dimethyl-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)cyclopropane carboxylic acid or salts thereof.