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US 5,176,977 AGranted
Nonpolymeric amorphous developer compositions and developing processes
AssigneeEastman Kodak Company
InventorsMichel F. Molaire, Peter S. Alexandrovich
Life of this patent
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Abstract
Toner and developer compositions incorporating nonpolymeric, homogeneous, amorphous mixtures of compounds as the binder are described. The mixtures comprise at least two nonpolymeric, thermoplastic organic compounds each having at least two linking components joining one multivalent organic nucleus with at least two organic appended groups wherein either the multivalent organic nucleus or at least one of the appended groups in an aromatic group. The mixtures have glass transition temperatures of 50.degree. to 120.degree. C. Methods for developing electrostatic images with the developer compositions are also described.
Claims20
A dry developer composition for developing electrostatic images, comprising:
- (a) carrier particles, and
- (b) a powdered toner composition of finely divided thermally fusible particles, which particles comprise a homogeneous blend of:
- (1) a major amount of a nonpolymeric amorphous binder composition, and
- (2) a colorant;
- said binder composition comprising a homogeneous mixture of at least two nonpolymeric, thermoplastic compounds each independently conforming to the structure
- (R.sup.1 Y.sup.1).sub.p Z.sup.2 Y.sup.4 R.sup.3 ;
- wherein
- p is an integer of from one to eight;
- each R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 is independently a monovalent aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aromatic group or a multicyclic aromatic nucleus;
- Z.sup.2 represents a multivalent aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aromatic group;
- Y.sup.1 and Y4 each independently represents a linking group;
- provided that at least one of R.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 is an aromatic group and the mixture has a glass transition temperature of 50.degree. to 120.degree. C.
9 more elements
A dry developer composition for developing electrostatic images, comprising:
- (a) carrier particles, and
- (b) a powdered toner composition of finely divided thermally fusible particles, which particles comprise a homogeneous blend of:
- (1) a major amount of a nonpolymeric amorphous binder composition, and
- (2) a colorant;
- said binder composition comprising a homogeneous mixture selected from the group consisting of ##STR40##
2 more elements
A dry developer composition for developing electrostatic images, comprising:
- (a) carrier particles, and
- (b) a powdered toner of finely divided thermally fusible particles, which particles comprise a homogeneous blend of:
- (1) a major amount of nonpolymeric amorphous binder composition, and
- (2) a colorant;
- said binder composition comprising a homogenous mixture of at least two nonpolymeric, thermoplastic compounds each independently conforming to the formula
- Z(Y--R).sub.n
- wherein
- n is two to eight;
- Z is a straight or branched chain, substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group optionally having hereto atom groups in or appended thereto, or a substituted or unsubstituted homo- or heterocyclic, mono- or polycyclic group;
- each R group independently from the other R groups is a straight or branched chain, substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group optionally having hetero atom groups in or appended thereto or a substituted or unsubstituted homo- or heterocyclic, mono- or polycyclic group;
- each Y group, which may be the same or different from the other Y groups, is an ester, amide, imide, or urethane linkage joining the nucleus Z to a group R;
- provided that at least one Z or R group is an aromatic group, the mixture comprises at least two different R groups and the mixture has a glass transition temperature of 50.degree. to 120.degree. C.
9 more elements
A process for developing an electrostatic latent image, comprising:
- depositing a powdered toner composition of finely divided thermally fusible particles on said latent image, which particles comprise a homogeneous blend of
- (a) a major amount of a nonpolymeric amorphous binder composition, and
- (b) a colorant;
- said binder composition comprising a homogeneous mixture of at least two nonpolymeric, thermoplastic compounds each independently conforming to the structure
- (R.sup.1 Y.sup.1).sub.p Z.sup.2 Y.sup.4 R.sup.3 ;
- wherein
- p is an integer of from one to eight;
- each R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 is independently a monovalent aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aromatic group or a multicyclic aromatic nucleus;
- Z.sup.2 represents a multivalent aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aromatic group;
- Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.4 each independently represents a linking group;
- provided that at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.3 and Z.sup.2 is an aromatic group and the mixture has a glass transition temperature of 50.degree. to 120.degree. C.
8 more elements
A process for developing an electrostatic latent image, comprising:
- depositing a powered toner composition of finely divided thermally fusible particles on said latent image, which particles comprise a homogeneous blend of
- (a) a major amount of a nonpolymeric amorphous binder composition, and
- (b) a colorant;
- said binder composition comprising a homogenous mixture of at least two nonpolymeric, thermoplastic compounds each independently conforming to the formula
- Z(Y--R).sub.n
- wherein
- n is two to eight;
- Z is a straight or branched chain, substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group optionally having hereto atom groups in or appended thereto, or a substituted or unsubstituted homo- or heterocyclic, mono- or polycyclic group;
- each R group independently from the other R groups is a straight or branched chain, substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group optionally having herero atom groups in or appended thereto or a substituted or unsubstituted homo- or heterocyclic, mono- or polycyclic group;
- each Y group, which may be the same or different from the other Y groups, is an ester, amide, imide or urethane linkage joining the nucleus Z to a group R;
- provided that at least one Z or R group is an aromatic group, the mixture comprises at least two different R groups and the mixture has a glass transition temperature of 50.degree. to 120.degree. C.
8 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.