Exhaust process for dyeing and/or improving the flame resistance of aramid fibers
AssigneeBurlington Industries, Inc.
InventorsPhillip H. Riggins, Barbara J. Cates
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
Aramid and aramid-blend fabrics are dyed or flame-retardant treated or both dyed and flame-retardant treated using conventional heat dyeing equipment. Octylpyrrolidones, tributyl phosphine oxide and mixtures of N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone with available dye carriers are used as diffusion-promoting agents for dyes, flame retardant agents or both. Odor-free, flame resistant, colored or colored and highly flame resistant products result.
Claims56
A process of dyeing poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide) fabric comprising:
- (1) dyeing the fabric at a temperature in the range of about 100.degree. C. to about 150.degree. C. and elevated pressure in a fiber-dyeing solution containing a tinctorial amount of at least one dye and a dye diffusion promoting amount of an N-octyl-2-pyrrolidone, then
- (2) heating the fabric while in contact with the solution until the desired degree of dyeing is attained.
A process of dyeing a blend of poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide) and poly(p-phenyleneterephthalamide) fibers comprising:
- (1) treating the fibers at a temperature in the range of about 100.degree. C. to about 150.degree. C. and elevated pressure in a solution containing a tinctorial amount of a basic dye and a dye diffusion promoting amount of an N-octyl-2-pyrrolidone, then
- (2) heating the fabric in the solution, until the poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide) fibers have been dyed and the poly(p-phenyleneterephthalamide) fibers have been stained.
A process of flame-retardant treating poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide) fabric comprising:
- (1) flame-retardant treating the fabric at a temperature in the range of about 100.degree. C. to about 150.degree. C. and elevated pressure in a fiber-treating solution containing a flame-retarding amount of at least one flame retardant and a flame-retardant diffusion promoting amount of an N-octyl-2-pyrrolidone, then,
- (2) heating the fabric while in contact with the solution until the desired degree of flame retardant fixation is attained.
A process of simultaneously dyeing and flame-retardant treating poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide) fabric comprising:
- (1) dyeing and flame-retardant treating the fabric at a temperature in the range of about 100.degree. C. to about 150.degree. C. and elevated pressure in a fiber-treating solution containing a tinctorial amount of at least one dye, a flame-retarding amount of at least one flame retardant and a diffusion promoting amount of an N-octyl-2-pyrrolidone, then
- (2) heating the fabric while in contact with the fiber-treating solution until the desired degree of dyeing or flame resistance or both is attained.
A process of dyeing poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide) fabric comprising:
- (1) dyeing the fabric at a temperature of from about 70.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C. at atmospheric pressure in a fiber-treating solution containing a tinctorial amount of at least one dye and a dye diffusion promoting amount of an N-octyl-2-pyrrolidone, then
- (2) heating the fabric while in contact with the treating solution until the desired degree of dyeing is attained.
The process of flame-retardant treating poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide) fabric comprising:
- (1) flame-retardant treating the fabric at a temperature of about 70.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C. at atmospheric pressure in a fiber-treating solution containing a flame-retarding amount of at least one flame retardant and a diffusion promoting amount of an N-octyl-2-pyrrolidone, then
- (2) heating the fabric while in contact with the treating solution until the desired degree of flame retardant fixation is attained.
A process for simultaneously dyeing and flame-retardant treating poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide) fabric comprising:
- (1) dyeing and flame-retardant treating the fabric at a temperature of about 70.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C. at atmospheric pressure in a fiber-treating solution containing a tinctorial amount of at least one dye, a flame-retarding amount of at least one flame retardant and a diffusion-promoting amount of an N-octyl-2-pyrrolidone, then
- (2) heating the fabric while in contact with the treating solution until the desired degree of dyeing or flame resistance or both is attained.
A process of dyeing poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide) fabric comprising:
- (1) dyeing the fabric at elevated temperature and pressure in a fiber-dyeing solution containing a tinctorial amount of at least one dye and as a dye diffusion promoting system a dye diffusion promoting amount of (a) N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone and (b) an ethylene glycol phenyl ether or a butyl/propyl phthalimide, then
- (2) heating the fabric while in contact with the solution until the desired degree of dyeing is attained.
An exhaust process for simultaneously dyeing and improving the flame resistance of aramid fibers, comprising the steps of:
- (1) dyeing at elevated temperature and pressure poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide) fibers in a dyeing solution containing a tinctorial amount of at least one dye and tributyl phosphine oxide, then
- (2) heating the solution while in contact with the fiber and maintaining contact with the dyeing solution until the desired degree of dyeing or flame resistance or both has been attained, and finally
- (3) rinsing the fibers.
A process of dyeing poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide) fabric comprising:
- (1) applying to a poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide) textile fabric a dye- and/or flame-retardant diffusion promoting amount of N-octyl-2-pyrrolidone;
- (2) dyeing the fabric at a temperature of about 100.degree. C. to about 150.degree. and elevated pressure in a fiber-dyeing solution containing a tinctorial amount of at least one dye, then
- (3) heating the fabric while in contact with the solution until the desired degree of dyeing is attained.
A process of flame-retardant treating poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide) fabric comprising:
- (1) applying to the textile fabric a flame-retardant diffusion promoting amount of N-octyl-2-pyrrolidone;
- (2) flame-retardant treating the fabric at a temperature of about 100.degree. C. to about 150.degree. C. and elevated pressure in a fiber-treating solution containing a flame-retarding amount of at least one flame retardant, then,
- (3) heating the fabric while in contact with the solution until the desired degree of flame retardant fixation is attained.
A process of flame-retardant treating and dyeing poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide) fabric comprising:
- (1) flame-retardant treating the fabric in a solution containing a flame-retarding amount of at least one flame retardant and a diffusion-promoting amount of an N-octyl-2-pyrrolidone,
- (2) dyeing the fabric of step (1) at a temperature of about 100.degree. C. to about 150.degree. C. at elevated pressure in a solution containing a tinctorial amount of at least one dye, then
- (3) heating the fabric while in contact with the solution until the desired degree of dyeing or flame resistance or both is attained.
A dyebath for simultaneously dyeing and flame retarding poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide) textile fabrics consisting essentially of:
- (1) a tinctorial amount of at least one dye;
- and
- (2) 0.6% to 30% of an N-octyl-2-pyrrolidone, based on the weight of the dyebath, as a dye diffusion promoting agent;
- and
- (3) 0.05% to 5%, based on the weight of the dyebath, of a neutral chloroalkyl diphosphate ester flame retardant.
A dyeing and flame retarding assistant which on dilution with water provides a concentration of an N-octyl-2-pyrrolidone of 0.6% to 30%, based on the weight of the dyebath, as a dye diffusion promoting agent, and a concentration of 0.05% to 5% of a neutral chloroalkyl diphosphate ester retardant, and which with the addition of a tinctorial amount of at least one dye provides a dyebath suitable for simultaneously dyeing and flame retarding poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide) textile fabrics.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.