# US 5,143,525 A · Process and apparatus for breaking up foam into its liquid and gaseous components > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,143,525 A - Document ID: US5143525A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 07/719,825 - Filed: 1991-06-24 - Granted: 1992-09-01 - Earliest claimed: 1990-06-29 - Assignees: Chemap AG - Inventors: Konstantin Sotirianos - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5143525A ## CPC - B01D 19/02: Foam dispersion or prevention (during boiling B01B1/02; during fermentation C12) - B01D: SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D; by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B; by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04; presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material B30B9/02; treatment of water C02F, e.g. softening by ion-exchange C02F1/42; {arrangements of air intake cleaners in gas turbine plants F02C7/05} ; arrangements or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation F24F13/28) ## Abstract A process of breaking up a foam into a liquid component and a gaseous component by action of centrifugal forces, includes drawing the foam axially into a centrifugal fan device by suction; then, accelerating the foam radially by centrifugal forces over a plurality of ribs and/or baffles, forcing the liquid component through a peripheral liquid discharge outlet; feeding the gaseous component through at least one gas outlet prior to forcing the liquid component through the liquid discharge outlet; advantageously feeding the gaseous component in a radial direction opposite to that in which the foam flows in the fan device, and after that, conducting the gaseous component axially through a gas outlet. The apparatus for performing the process includes a centrifugal fan acting as a pump impeller having an upper plate and a lower plate connected by a plurality of ribs and a conical cutoff cover located above the centrifugal fan acting to guide gas component flow, an axially-located foam inlet, a gas component outlet located above the cutoff cover near the rotation axis of the fan and a liquid discharge outlet formed between the cutoff cover and the lower plate at the periphery of the centrifugal fan. ## Claims ### Claim 1 In a process of breaking up a foam into a liquid component and a gaseous component by action of centrifugal forces, comprising drawing the foam in one axial direction by suction and then accelerating the foam in another radial direction by action of the centrifugal forces, the improvement comprising feeding the gaseous component through at least one gas outlet prior to forcing the liquid component through a liquid discharge outlet. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The improvement as defined in claim 1, further comprising guiding the liquid component to be forced out of the liquid discharge outlet against baffle surfaces. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The improvement as defined in claim 1, further comprising drawing the foam through an inlet pipe by suction. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The improvement as defined in claim 1, further comprising feeding the gaseous component in a further radial direction opposite to the other radial direction in which the foam flows. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The improvement as defined in claim 4, wherein the gaseous component is conducted in the further radial direction by action of a centrifugal force field. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The improvement as defined in claim 1, further comprising conducting the gaseous component in the axial direction. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The improvement as defined in claim 1, further comprising feeding a separated portion of the liquid component back to the foam being drawn by suction. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The improvement as defined in claim 1, further comprising exposing the foam to additional shear forces. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The improvement as defined in claim 1, further comprising exposing at least one of the gaseous component and the liquid component to additional shear forces. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The improvement as defined in claim 1, further comprising subjecting at least one of the liquid component and the gaseous component to an additional separation. ### Claim 11 A process of breaking up a foam by action of centrifugal forces, comprising the steps of: a. drawing the foam into a centrifugal fan device having an axial direction and a radial direction through an inlet pipe by suction; b. then accelerating the foam in the radial direction by action of centrifugal forces to form a gaseous component and a liquid component; c. forcing the liquid component radially through a discharge outlet; d. guiding the liquid component to be forced out of the liquid discharge outlet in the radial direction against baffle surfaces; e. feeding the gaseous component through at least one gas outlet prior to forcing the liquid component through the liquid discharge outlet; f. feeding the gaseous component in a further radial direction opposite to the radial direction in which the foam flows by action of a centrifugal force field; and g. after the feeding of step f), conducting the gaseous component in the axial direction. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The improvement as defined in claim 11, further comprising feeding at least a separated portion of the liquid component back to the foam being drawn by suction. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The improvement as defined in claim 11, further comprising exposing at least one of the foam, the gaseous component and the liquid component to additional shear forces. ### Claim 14 In an apparatus for breaking up a foam into a liquid component and a gaseous component, comprising a centrifugal fan device including a centrifugal fan having an axis and acting as a rotatably driven pump impeller, said centrifugal fan device having an inlet, a gas outlet and a liquid discharge outlet in the vicinity of the centrifugal fan periphery, the improvement wherein the inlet is located in the vicinity of the axis of the centrifugal fan and the gas outlet is located centrally relative to the centrifugal fan and in the vicinity of the axis of the centrifugal fan. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The improvement as defined in claim 14, further comprising baffle surfaces arranged in the vicinity of the liquid discharge outlet. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) The improvement as defined in claim 14, wherein the inlet includes an inlet pipe of adjustable height. ### Claim 17 (depends on 14) The improvement as defined in claim 14, further comprising a cutoff cover located above the centrifugal fan, said cutoff cover acting to guide the gaseous component. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The improvement as defined in claim 17, wherein said cutoff cover is conical. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The improvement as defined in claim 17, wherein the centrifugal fan and the cutoff cover are formed as a single structural unit. ### Claim 20 (depends on 14) The improvement as defined in claim 14, wherein the centrifugal fan comprises an upper plate and a lower plate connected by a plurality of intervening rib. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The improvement as defined in claim 20, wherein the upper plate has a plurality of outlet openings acting as orifices. ### Claim 22 (depends on 14) The improvement as defined in claim 14, wherein said centrifugal fan comprises an upper and a lower plate connected by a plurality of intervening ribs and a cutoff cover above said centrifugal fan, wherein at least two of said upper plate and said lower plate, said ribs and said cutoff cover are moveable relative to each other about a common rotation axis. ### Claim 23 (depends on 22) The improvement as defined in claim 22, wherein the cutoff cover is stationary. ### Claim 24 (depends on 14) The improvement as defined in claim 14, further comprising a drive for the centrifugal fan. ### Claim 25 (depends on 14) The improvement as defined in claim 14, further comprising a plurality of plates arranged over each other and provided with outlet openings for the gaseous component. ### Claim 26 In an apparatus for breaking up a foam into a liquid component and a gaseous component, comprising a centrifugal fan device including a centrifugal fan having an axis and acting as a rotatably driven pump impeller, said centrifugal fan device having an inlet, a gas outlet and a liquid discharge outlet in the vicinity of the centrifugal fan periphery, the improvement wherein the inlet is located in the vicinity of the axis of the centrifugal fan and the centrifugal fan comprises an upper plate and a lower plate connected by a plurality of intervening ribs and the gas outlet is located centrally relative to the centrifugal fan and in the vicinity of the axis of the centrifugal fan, having a central opening acting as at least a part of the inlet and a cutoff cover which forms a throttling gap with the lower plate at an outer peripheral edge thereof. ### Claim 27 (depends on 26) The improvement as defined in claim 26, further comprising additional ribs between the upper plate and the cutoff cover. ### Claim 28 (depends on 26) The improvement as defined in claim 26, wherein at least one of the throttling gap and the outlet openings are variable. ### Claim 29 An apparatus for breaking up a foam into a liquid component and a gaseous component, comprising a centrifugal fan device including a centrifugal fan having a fan rotation axis and comprising an upper plate and a lower plate having a plurality of intervening ribs connecting the upper and the lower plates, said upper plate having a plurality of outlet openings acting as orifices for said gaseous component and said lower plate having a central opening acting as an inlet for the foam together with a inlet pipe; and said centrifugal fan device also being provided with a gas outlet located centrally relative to the centrifugal fan and in the vicinity of the fan rotation axis; and also being provided with a cutoff cover located above the centrifugal fan and extending peripherally to form a liquid discharge outlet for the liquid component together with said lower plate, and with baffle surfaces in the vicinity of said liquid discharge outlet. ### Claim 30 (depends on 29) The improvement as defined in claim 29, further comprising additional ribs between the upper plate and the cutoff cover.