Planar active endfire radiating elements and coplanar waveguide filters with wide electronic tuning bandwidth

A planar circuit formed on a planar insulating substrate, said circuit comprising, in combination:

• a coplanar waveguide resonator,
• a slotline coupled to said coplanar waveguide resonator, and
• a semiconductor device connected between said coplanar waveguide resonator and a planar conductor defining said slotline,
• wherein said slotline provides a DC block for biasing said semiconductor device, said slotline couples a notch antenna to said coplanar waveguide resonator, and
• wherein said antenna is tuned to a transmission frequency and said coplanar waveguide resonator is tuned to a sub-harmonic of said transmission frequency.

A planar circuit formed on a planar insulating substrate, said circuit comprising, in combination:

• a voltage-controlled oscillator including a coplanar waveguide resonator, and
• a slotline extending from the periphery of the coplanar waveguide resonator,
• wherein said slotline extends to a notch antenna defined by at least one planar conductor on said substrate, and
• wherein said coplanar waveguide resonator is elongated from a closed circuit end to an open circuit end, and said coplanar waveguide resonator defines apertures about its closed circuit end on opposite sides of said resonator.

A planar circuit formed on a planar insulating substrate, said circuit comprising, in combination:

• a voltage-controlled oscillator including a coplanar waveguide resonator, and
• a slotline extending from the periphery of the coplanar waveguide resonator,
• wherein said slotline extends to a notch antenna defined by at least one planar conductor on said substrate, and
• wherein said voltage controlled oscillator further includes a varactor mounted on one side of said coplanar waveguide resonator, and an active semiconductor device mounted on the other side of said coplanar waveguide resonator.

A planar circuit formed on a planar insulating substrate, said circuit comprising, in combination:

• a coplanar waveguide resonator,
• a slotline extending to a notch antenna defined by at least one planar conductor on sad substrate, said slotline extending near an end of said coplanar waveguide resonator, and
• a semiconductor device connecting said end of said coplanar waveguide resonator to said slotline,
• wherein said smeiconductor device is a Schottky diode.

A planar circuit formed on a planar insulating substrate, said circuit comprising, in combination:

• a coplanar waveguide resonator,
• a slotline extending to a notch antenna defined by at least one planar conductor on said substrate, said slotline extending near an end of said coplanar waveguide resonator, and
• a semicondcutor device connecting said end of said coplanar waveguide resonator to said slotline,
• wherein said semiconductor device is a transistor, and
• wherein said slotline is defined by first and second portions of said planar conductor, sad end of said coplanar waveguide resonator and said slotline are spaced apart by said first portion of said planar conductor, and said transistor includes a first terminal connected to said first portion of said planar conductor, a second terminal connected to said second portion of said planar conductor, and a third terminal connected to said end of said coplanar waveguide resonator.

A planar circuit formed on a planar insulating substrate, said circuit comprising, in combination:

• a coplanar waveguide resonator,
• a slotline extending to a notch antenna defined by at least one planar conductor on said substrate, said slotline extending near an end of said coplanar waveguide resonator, and
• a semiconductor device connecting said end of said coplanar waveguide resonator to said slotline,
• wherein said slotline extends into an aperture resonator defining a resonant frequency for said notch antenna.

A planar circuit formed on a planar insulating substrate, said circuit comprising, in combination:

• a notch antenna defined by at least one planar conductor on said substrate,
• a coplanar waveguide resonator,
• a slotline extending to said notch antenna, and
• a low-pass filter formed in said slotline, said slotline extending from said low-pass filter and across an end of said coplanar waveguide resonator and into said notch antenna.