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US 5,070,937 AGranted
Internally enhanced heat transfer tube
AssigneeAmerican Standard Inc.
InventorsLouis J. Mougin, Floyd C. Hayes
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
An internally enhanced heat transfer tube comprising a heat transfer tube including an internal surface and an internal diameter (D); a plurality of roughness elements on the internal surface of the heat transfer tube, each roughness element having a height (e) above the internal surface where the ratio of the height (e) to the internal diameter (D) falls within the range 0.004.ltoreq.e/D.ltoreq.0.045.
Claims33
An internally enhanced heat transfer tube comprising:
- a heat transfer tube including an internal surface and an internal diameter (D);
- a plurality of roughness elements on the internal surface of the heat transfer tube, each roughness element having a height (e) above the internal surface where the ratio of the height (e) to the internal diameter (D) falls within the range 0.004.ltoreq.e/D.ltoreq.0.045 wherein each roughness element is shaped as a flat topped pyramid.
An internally enhanced heat transfer tube comprising:
- a heat transfer tube including an internal surface and an internal diameter (D);
- a plurality of spaced roughness elements on the internal surface of the heat transfer tube, each roughness element having a height (e) above the internal surface and being spaced from the adjoining roughness elements a pitch (P) where the ratio of the pitch (P) to the height (e) falls within the range 2.5.ltoreq.P/e.ltoreq.5.0 wherein each roughness element has a flat topped pyramidical shape having a top width (a), a base width (b) and a side wall slope (s) where the ratio of the top width (a) to the base width (b) is approximately equal to 0.45, the ratio of the base width (b) to the pitch (P) is approximately equal to 0.67, and the wide wall slope (s) is defined by tan s=2e/(b-a).
An internally enhanced heat transfer tube comprising:
- a heat transfer tube including an internal surface and an internal diameter (D);
- a plurality of uniformly spaced roughness elements on the internal surface of the heat transfer tube, each roughness element having a height (e) above the internal surface, a top width (a), a base width (b), and a side wall slope (s) and each roughness element being spaced from the adjacent roughness elements a pitch (P) where the ratio of the top width (a) to the base width (b) falls within the range 0.35.ltoreq.a/b.ltoreq.0.65, the ratio of the base width (b) to the pitch (P) falls within the range 0.3.ltoreq.b/P.ltoreq.0.8, and the side wall slope (s) is defined by tan s=2e/(b-a).
An internally enhanced heat transfer tube comprising:
- a heat transfer tube including an internal surface and an internal diameter (D);
- a plurality of spaced roughness elements on the internal surface of the heat transfer tube, each roughness element having a height (e) above the internal surface where the ratio of the height (e) to the internal diameter (D) falls within the range 0.004.ltoreq.e/D.ltoreq.0.045;
- each roughness element being spaced from the adjacent roughness elements a pitch (P) where the ratio of the pitch (P) to the height (e) falls within the range 2.5.ltoreq.P/e.ltoreq.5.0;
- and
- each roughness element having a top width (a), a base width (b), and a side wall slope (s) where the ratio of the top width (a) to the base width (b) falls within the range 0.35.ltoreq.a/b.ltoreq.0.65, the ratio of the base width (b) to the pitch (P) falls within the range 0.3.ltoreq.b/P.ltoreq.0.8, and the side wall slope (s) is defined by tan s=2e/(b-a).
2 more elements
An internally enhanced heat transfer tube comprising:
- a heat transfer tube including an internal surface and an internal diameter (D);
- a plurality of spaced roughness elements on the internal surface of the heat transfer tube, each roughness element having a height (e) above the internal surface where the ratio of the height (e) to the internal diameter (D) falls within the range 0.004.ltoreq.e/D.ltoreq.0.045, and each roughness element being spaced from the adjacent roughness element a pitch (P) where the ratio of the pitch (P) to the height (e) falls within the range 2.5.ltoreq.P/e.ltoreq.5.0 wherein each roughness element has a flat topped pyramidical shape having a top width (a), a base width (b) and a side wall slope (s) where the ratio of the top width (a) to the base width (b) falls within the range 0.35.ltoreq.a/b.ltoreq.0.65, the ratio of the base width (b) to the pitch (P) falls within the range 0.3.ltoreq.b/P.ltoreq.0.8, and the side wall slope is defined by tan s=2e/(b-a).
An internally enhanced heat transfer tube comprising:
- a heat transfer tube including an internal surface and an internal diameter (D);
- a plurality of spaced roughness elements on the internal surface of the heat transfer tube, each roughness element having a height (e) above the internal surface where the ratio of the height (e) to the internal diameter (D) falls within the range 0.004.ltoreq.e/D.ltoreq.0.045, each roughness element having a top width (a), a base width (b), and a side wall slope (s), and each roughness element being spaced from the adjacent roughness elements a pitch (P) where the ratio of the top width (a) to the base width (b) falls within the range 0.35.ltoreq.a/b.ltoreq.0.65, and the ratio of the base width (b) to the pitch (P) falls within the range 0.3.ltoreq.b/P.ltoreq.0.8, and the side wall slope is defined by tan s=2e/(b-a).
An internally enhanced heat transfer tube comprising:
- a heat transfer tube including an internal surface and an internal diameter (D);
- a plurality of spaced roughness elements on the internal surface of the heat transfer tube, each roughness element having a height (e) above the internal surface, a top width (a), a base width (b), and a side wall slope (s) and each roughness element being spaced from the adjacent roughness elements a pitch (P) where the ratio of the pitch (P) to the height (e) falls within the range 2.5.ltoreq.P/e.ltoreq.5.0, where the ratio of the top width (a) to the base width (b) falls within the range 0.35.ltoreq.a/b.ltoreq.0.65, the ratio of the base width (b) to the pitch (P) falls within the range 0.3.ltoreq.b/P.ltoreq.0.8, and the side wall slope is defined by tan s=2e/(b-a).
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.