Vinylidene cyanide alternating copolymers exhibiting nonlinear optical and piezoelectric properties
AssigneeHoechst Celanese Corporation
InventorsAnthony J. East, Anthony B. Conciatori
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Abstract
In one embodiment this invention provides vinylidene cyanide copolymers with alternating monomeric units as illustrated by the following structure: ##STR1## An invention vinylidene cyanide copolymer in the form of an electret film exhibits a high level of longitudinal piezoelectric effect, and has excellent processability properties. An electret film which has an external electric field-induced noncentrosymmetric dipolar molecular orientation exhibits second order nonlinear optical susceptibility under light propagation conditions.
Claims11
A copolymer which is characterized by alternating monomeric units corresponding to the formula:
- ##STR12## where R is hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl substituent;
- X is -O.sub.2 C-, -O.sub.2 C-O- or -O.sub.3 S-;
- Y is -S-, -O- or -NR-;
- Z is -NO.sub.2, -CN or -CF.sub.3 ;
- n is an integer with a value of 2-12;
- and n.sup.1 is an integer with a value of 0-2.
A polymer which is characterized by alternating monomeric units corresponding to the formula:
- ##STR13## wherein R is hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl substituent, and the copolymer has a weight average molecular weight in the range between about 5000-300,000.
A second order nonlinear optically responsive medium which comprises a thin film of a copolymer which is characterized by alternating monomeric units corresponding to the formula:
- ##STR14## where R is hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl substituent;
- X is -O.sub.2 C-, -O.sub.2 C-O- or -O.sub.3 S-;
- Y is -S-, -O- or -NR-;
- Z is -NO.sub.2, -CN or -CF.sub.3 ;
- n is an integer with a value of 2-12;
- and n.sup.1 is an integer with a value of 0-2;
- wherein the thin film has an external electric field-induced net polar orientation of polymer molecules.
An electret film of a thermoplastic copolymer which is characterized by alternating monomeric units corresponding to the formula:
- ##STR15## where R is hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl substituent;
- X is -O.sub.2 C-, -O.sub.2 C-O- or -O.sub.3 S-;
- Y is -S-, -O- or -NR-;
- Z is -NO.sub.2, -CN or -CF.sub.3 ;
- n is an integer with a value of 2-12;
- and n.sup.1 is an integer with a value of 0-2;
- wherein the film is characterized by a crystallographic orientation of copolymer molecules in the film plane which has been induced by mechanical stretching, and the film exhibits piezoelectric properties.
An electret film of a thermoplastic copolymer which is characterized by alternating monomeric units corresponding to the formula:
- ##STR16## where R is hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl substituent;
- wherein the film is characterized by a crystallographic orientation of copolymer molecules in the film plane which has been induced by mechanical stretching, and the film exhibits piezoelectric properties.
An electro-acoustic conversion or electro-mechanic conversion or pressure-sensitive device having an electret film component of a copolymer which is characterized by alternating monomeric units corresponding to the formula:
- ##STR17## where R is hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl substituent;
- X is -O.sub.2 C-, -O.sub.2 C-O- or -O.sub.3 S-;
- Y is -S-, -O- or -NR-;
- Z is -NO.sub.2, -CN or -CF.sub.3 ;
- n is an integer with a value of 2-12;
- and n.sup.1 is an integer with a value of 0-2;
- wherein the film has an external field-induced net dipolar orientation of polymer molecules, and the film exhibits piezoelectric properties.
An electro-acoustic conversion or electro-mechanic conversion or pressure-sensitive device having an electret film component of a copolymer which is characterized by alternating monomeric units corresponding to the formula:
- ##STR18## where R is hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl substituent;
- wherein the film has an external field-induced net dipolar orientation of polymer molecules, and the film exhibits piezoelectric properties.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.