Method and apparatus for controlling or processing operations of varying characteristics

A method of controlling a filtering system to remove uncertain perturbations in a signal, said method comprising measuring a value of a signal, K, containing uncertain perturbations D.sub.p occurring in the signal to be filtered relative to time, t,

• providing values W representing desired variations of said signal K without perturbations,
• relating said values of W to the value K by a multiplicative filtering operation characterized by the relation
• S=t.sup.LK/W.spsp.a
• wherein:
• S=synthesized state-variable;
• t=elapsed time;
• a=process parameter;
• L=coupling parameter;
• estimating said perturbations D.sub.p occurring in the signal W by constraining the multiplicative filtering operation by adjoining a deviation relation thereto and
• compensating for the effect of said process perturbations, D.sub.p, by adjusting the value K in accordance with the values S, a, L whereby said perturbations are substantially filtered from said signal.

A method of enhancing an image by compensating for uncertain perturbations in the image, said method comprising

• measuring values W of elements which compose an image and which contain uncertain perturbations D.sub.p to be filtered to enhance the image, said elements being positioned in said image at distances t from a starting point in a coordinate system,
• calculating values K as the derivative of W with respect to distance for said elements,
• additionally relating said values W to values K by a multiplicative processing operation characterized by the relation
• S=t.sup.LK/W.spsp.a
• wherein:
• S=synthesized state-variable;
• t=distance from the starting point in one spatial dimension;
• a=process parameter;
• L=coupling parameter;
• estimating said perturbations D.sub.p occurring in the values W of the elements which compose the image by constraining the multiplicative processing operation by adjoining a deviation relation thereto, and
• compensating for the effect of said process perturbations D.sub.p by adjusting the value W in accordance with the values S, a, L thereby to filter the perturbations and enhance the image.

Apparatus for controlling a physical process to compensate for uncertain perturbations therein, comprising,

• sensing means for measuring values K representing input values to the physical process,
• measuring means for measuring output values W which include uncertain perturbations D.sub.p occurring in the physical process,
• timing means for measuring elapsed time t of said measuring from a base time,
• multiplicative processing means for producing values of S represented by the expression
• S=t.sup.LK/W.spsp.a
• wherein:
• S=synthesizing state variable,
• t=elapsed time from base time,
• L=coupling parameter, and
• a=characterizing process parameter,
• reduced order processing means for producing a perturbation signal D.sub.p representative of perturbations occurring in the physical process, and
• normalizing processing means for receiving values of S from the multiplicative processing means and the values of D.sub.p from the reduced order processing means for producing a set of adjustment signals to cause parameter signals a, b and L to characteristically vary in accordance with inputs to the multiplicative processing means in order to adjust input values K to reduce said perturbation signals and compensate for said perturbations.

Apparatus for filtering a signal to compensate for uncertain perturbations therein, comprising,

• sensing means for measuring values of signal K, to be filtered, containing uncertain perturbations D.sub.p occurring in said signal,
• signal generator means for producing signals W representing desired variations of said signal K,
• timing means for measuring elapsed time t of said signals from a base time,
• multiplicative processing means for producing values of S represented by the expression
• S=t.sup.LK/W.spsp.a
• wherein:
• S=synthesizing state variable,
• t=elapsed time from base time,
• L=coupling parameter, and
• a=characterizing process parameter,
• reduced order processing means for producing a perturbation signal D.sub.p representative of perturbations occurring in signal K, and
• normalizing processing means for receiving values of S from the multiplicative processing means and the values of D.sub.p from the reduced order processing means for producing a set of adjustment signals to cause parameter signals a, b and L to characteristically vary in accordance with inputs to the multiplicative processing means in order to adjust signal K to filter said perturbation signals and compensate for said perturbations.

Apparatus for enhancing an image by compensating uncertain perturbations in the image, comprising

• means for measuring values W of elements which compose an image and which contain uncertain perturbations D.sub.p to be filtered to enhance the image, said elements being positioned in said image at distances t from a starting point in a coordinate system,
• means for calculating values K as the derivative with respect to distance of W for said elements,
• multiplicative processing means for producing values of S represented by the expression
• S=t.sup.LK/W.spsp.a
• wherein:
• S=synthesizing state variable,
• t=distance from the starting point in one spative dimension,
• L=coupling parameter, and
• a=process parameter,
• reduced order processing means for producing a perturbation signal D.sub.p representative of perturbations occurring in the values W of the elements which compose the image, and
• normalizing processing means for receiving values of S from the multiplicative processing means and the values of D.sub.p from the reduced order processing means for producing a set of adjustment signals to cause parameter signals a, b and L to characteristically vary in accordance with inputs to the multiplicative processing means in order to adjust the values of W in accordance with the values of S, a, L, thereby to filter the perturbations and enhance the image.