Pyrolyzer-kiln system

A pyrolyzer-kiln system comprising:

• means for pyrolyzing material to generate a combustible fume;
• kiln means for burning said fume as part of a kiln process;
• conduit means for conveying said fume from said pyrolyzing means to said kiln means for combustion therein;
• means for sensing a heating value of said fume prior to entry thereof into said kiln and for controlling operating parameters of said pyrolyzing means in response thereto such that said heating value is maintained within a heat energy to said kiln means by burning said fume therein is substantially constant;
• said sensing and controlling means including
• calorimeter means for sensing heating values of said fume within said conduit means, said calorimeter means including a supply air inlet, means for drawing off a portion of said fume from said conduit means, means for combining said air and said fume to form a mixture, means for supplying auxiliary fuel to said mixture and means for igniting a combination of said fuel and said mixture and means for measuring a temperature of said ignited combination of said fuel and said mixture;
• and
• first control means for metering said fuel at a predetermined rate to said calorimeter such that a temperature therein is maintained within a predetermined range.

A pyrolyzer-kiln system comprising:

• means for pyrolyzing material to generate a combustible fume;
• kiln means for burning said fume as part of a kiln process;
• conduit means for conveying said fume from said pyrolyzing means to said kiln means for combustion therein;
• means for sensing a heating value of said fume prior to entry thereof into said kiln and for controlling operating parameters of said pyrolyzing means in response thereto such that said heating value is maintained within a predetermined range of values, whereby a rate of supply of heat energy to said kiln means by burning said fume therein is substantially constant;
• and
• means for maintaining a predetermined flame shape as said pyrogas is burned in said kiln means, said flame shape maintaining means including burner pipe means having a cylindrical housing with a hollow interior communicating with said conduit means and an open end positioned within said kiln, pintle means positioned within said housing and means for positioning said pintle within said housing, thereby varying an effective area of said opening.

A pyrolyzer kiln system comprising:

• means for pyrolyzing material to generate a combustible fume;
• kiln means for burning said fume in a kiln process and generating cement clinker;
• conduit means for conveying said fume in a slip stream from said pyrolyzing means to said kiln means;
• and
• means for maintaining a predetermined flame shape as said fume stream is burned in said kiln means.

A pyrolyzer kiln system comprising:

• means for pyrolyzing material to generate a combustible fume;
• kiln means for burning said fume in a kiln process and generating cement clinker;
• conduit means for conveying said fume in a slip stream from said pyrolyzing means to said kiln means;
• and
• means for maintaining a predetermine flame shape as said fume stream is burned in said kiln means, said flame shape maintaining means including a burner pipe having a cylindrical housing with a hollow interior communicating with said conduit means and an open end positioned within said kiln, pintle means positioned within said housing and means for positioning said pintle within said housing, thereby varying an effective area of said opening.

A pyrolyzer kiln system comprising:

• a pyrolyzer for generating a combustible fume;
• a kiln having first burner means for burning said fume and second burner means for burning other fuel in a kiln process;
• a conduit extending between said pyrolyzer and said kiln for conveying fume in a slip stream from said pyrolyzer to said kiln;
• a steam ejector pump positioned on said conduit for drawing said fume from said pyrolyzer to said kiln;
• a calorimeter mounted on said conduit for measuring a heating value of said fume stream, said calorimeter including a housing, a jet pump for supplying air to said housing under pressure, a fume supply line extending from said conduit to said housing for drawing a sample stream of fume from said conduit, a fume sample inlet chamber for mixing said supply air and said fume, an auxiliary fuel supply connected to said housing to mix with said mixture of fume and supply air, a burner within said housing for burning said mixture of air, fume and auxiliary fuel, a temperature sensor for sensing a temperature of said mixture of air, fume and auxiliary fuel as it is burned, an exhaust tube extending from said chamber downstream of said burner and temperature sensor for conveying said burned mixture from said chamber to said conduit, a first control detecting a pressure of said fume slip stream within said conduit and detecting a pressure of said fume within said fume supply line and maintaining a constant pressure differential there between, a second control for receiving a signal from said temperature sensor, varying a supply of said calorimeter fuel to said chamber to maintain a temperature therein within a predetermined range and generating a signal responsive to said calorimeter fuel flow rate, and a third control for modifying operational parameters of said pyrolyzer in response to said signal, whereby said fume stream is maintained within a predetermined range of heating values.

A pyrolyzer-kiln system comprising:

• means for pyrolyzing material to form a combustible fume;
• kiln means for heating material in a kiln process and for burning said fume to generate heat;
• conduit means for conveying said fume in a stream from said pyrolyzer means to said kiln means for burning therein;
• and
• closed-loop feedback means, separate from said kiln means, for determining, on a continuous basis, a heating value of a proportional sample of said fume stream and varying operational parameters of said pyrolyzing means to maintain said heating value within a predetermined range.

A pyrolyzer-kiln system comprising:

• means for pyrolyzing material to form a combustible fume;
• kiln means for heating material in a kiln process and for burning said fume to generate heat;
• conduit means for conveying said fume in a stream from said pyrolyzer means to said kiln means for burning therein;
• and
• closed-loop feedback means, separate from said kiln means, for determining, on a continuous basis, a heating value of said fume stream and varying operational parameters of said pyrolyzing means to maintain said heating value within a predetermined range, said feedback means including a calorimeter, means for drawing a sample of said fume stream at a constant proportion thereto and conveying said sample to said calorimeter, means for drawing a sample of said fume stream at a constant proportion thereto and conveying said sample to said calorimeter, means for mixing said sample with auxiliary fuel and burning said mixture and control means for measuring a temperature of said burned mixture and varying an amount of auxiliary fuel to be added to maintain said temperature within a predetermined range;
• said sample drawing means including a variable area jet pump for injecting air under pressure to said calorimeter and flowing said sample of fume from said conduit means at a predetermined rate, said jet pump including an air inlet chamber for receiving air under pressure and including an orifice, a pintle, means for positioning said pintle relative to said orifice to vary air flow to said calorimeter, and a fume sample inlet chamber communicating with said conduit and positioned downstream of and in communication with said air inlet chamber and an interior of said calorimeter, whereby air entering said calorimeter through said air inlet chamber draws a fume sample from said conduit through said fume sample inlet chamber to mix with said air and enter said calorimeter interior as a sample stream.

A method of supplying combustible fume from waste material to a kiln, the method comprising the steps of:

• pyrolyzing said waste material within a pyrolyzer to generate a combustible fume;
• drawing said fume from said pyrolyzer and conveying said fume in a stream to said kiln;
• burning said fume stream in said kiln to generate heat energy;
• and
• proportionally sampling said fume stream, detecting a heating value of said fume therefrom and adjusting operating parameters of said pyrolyzer in response thereto such that said heating value is maintained within predetermined limits.

A method of supplying combustible fume from waste material to a kiln, the method comprising the steps of:

• pyrolyzing said waste material within a pyrolyzer to generate a combustible fume;
• drawing said fume from said pyrolyzer and conveying said fume in a stream to said kiln;
• burning said fume stream in said kiln to generate heat energy;
• and
• sampling said fume stream, detecting a heating value of said fume therefrom and adjusting operating parameters of said pyrolyzer in response thereto such that said heating value is maintained within predetermined limits, said sampling step including
• continuously drawing off a predetermined proportion of said fume steam as a fume sample,
• mixing said fume sample with auxiliary fuel at a predetermined rate to form a sample mixture,
• burning said sample mixture and measuring a temperature thereof and
• modifying said rate said auxiliary fuel is mixed with said fume sample such that said temperature is maintained within predetermined limits.

A method of supplying combustible fume from waste material to a kiln, the method comprising the steps of:

• placing containers of waste material into a pyrolyzer;
• heating said material in the absence of oxygen sufficiently to create a combustible fume;
• conveying said fume in a fume stream from said pyrolyzer to a cement kiln by ejector pump means;
• continuously drawing off a sample fume from said fume stream at a predetermined pressure differential relative to said fume stream;
• mixing said sample fume with air from a variable area jet pump such that said sample fume is maintained at said predetermined pressure differential;
• mixing said sample fume with auxiliary fuel to form a sample mixture, and burning said sample mixture in a calorimeter;
• measuring a temperature of said burning mixture and varying a flow rate of said auxiliary fuel to said calorimeter such that said temperature is maintained within predetermined limits;
• varying a temperature within said pyrolyzer in direct proportion to a flow rate of said auxiliary fuel, whereby a heating value of said fume in said fume stream is maintained within predetermined limits;
• and
• burning said fume stream in said kiln.

A pyrolyzer-kiln system comprising:

• means for pyrolyzing material to generate a combustible fume;
• kiln means for burning said fume as part of a kiln process;
• conduit means for conveying said fume from said pyrolyzing means to said kiln means for combustion therein;
• means for sensing a heating value of said fume prior to entry thereof into said kiln and for controlling operating parameters of said pyrolyzing means in response thereto such that said heating value is maintained within a predetermined range of values, whereby a rate of supply of heat energy to said kiln means by burning said fume therein is substantially constant;
• and
• steam ejector pump means for drawing said fume from said pyrolyzing means to said kiln means.

A pyrolyzer-kiln system comprising:

• means for pyrolyzing material to generate a combustible fume;
• kiln means for burning said fume as part of a kiln process;
• conduit means for conveying said fume from said pyrolyzing means to said kiln means for combustion therein;
• and
• stream ejector pump means, operatively connected to said conduit means, for drawing said fume from said pyrolyzing means, along said conduit means, to said kiln means.