A cellulose derivative which conforms to the following formula:
- ##STR8## wherein Z has a maximum carbon chain length of 18 carbon atoms and is selected from the group consisting of alkylene, alkenylene, and alkynylene radicals, which may be straight-chain or branched, and wherein the carbon chain may be interrupted by a member selected from the group consisting of O, S, N, P, Si, --CO--, --CONR--, and --COO--, and which may be substituted;
- cycloalkylene radicals, which may have heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, S, N, P and Si and which may be substituted, arylene, arylalkylene, arylalkenylene and arylalkynylene radicals, which may have heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, S, N, P and SI and which may be substituted;
- bisarylalkylene and bisarylene radicals, which may be substituted;
- condensed aromatic compound radicals, which may be substituted;
- and heterocyclic compound radicals, which may be substituted;
- X is selected from the group consisting of --H, --NR.sub.2 --N.sup.+ R.sub.3, --COOH, a carboxylic acid salt, --COOR, CONR.sub.2, --CO--R, --CS--R, --CSOH, a salt thereof, --CSOR, CSNR.sub.2, --CO.sub.3 H, a sulfonic acid salt, --SO.sub.3 R, --SO.sub.2 --R, --SO.sub.2 NR.sub.2, --SR, --SOR, --SONR.sub.2, --PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, a salt thereof, --PO(OR).sub.2, PO.sub.2 H(NR.sub.2), --PO(NR.sub.2).sub.2, PO.sub.2 H.sub.2, --POH(OR), --CN, --NO.sub.2, --OR, halogen, and --Si(OR).sub.3 ;
- R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen;
- alkyl, alkynyl, and alkenyl groups having from 1 to 25 carbon atoms, which may be straight-chain or branched, and which may be substituted;
- cycloalkyl groups, which may have heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, S, N, P and Si and which may be substituted;
- and tolyl, benzyl, and phenyl groups, which may have heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, S, N, P and Si and which may be substituted;
- t=0 or 1, such that when t=1,
- Y is selected from the group consisting of a ##STR9## --(C.sub.2 R".sub.4)--COOH, --CR".dbd.CR"--COOH, --(CH.dbd.CH--COOH);
- --NR'.sub.2, --NHR', --NHSO.sub.2 R', and --R';
- wherein
- R' has a maximum carbon chain length of 18 carbon atoms and is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl groups having from 1 to 36 carbon atoms which may be straight-chain or branched and wherein the carbon chain may be interrupted by a member selected from the group consisting of O, S, N, P, Si, --CO--, --CONR--, and --COO--, and which may be substituted;
- cycloalkyl radicals, which may have heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, S, N, P and Si and which may be substituted;
- aryl, arylakyl, arylalkenyl, and arylalkynyl radicals, which may have heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, S, N, P and Si and which may be substituted;
- bisarylalkyl and bisaryl radicals, which may be substituted;
- condensed aromatic compound radicals, which may be substituted;
- and heterocyclic compound radicals, which may be substituted;
- R" is selected from the group consisting of X and R';
- and
- r=1 to 20;
- m=0 to 2.5;
- n=0.01 to 2.95;
- and when
- t=0,
- Y is a member selected from the group consisting of CS--R', CO--OR', CSNH--R', CSNR'.sub.2, SO.sub.2 --OR', SO.sub.2 --R', SO.sub.2 NR'.sub.2, SO--R', SONR'.sub.2, PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, PO.sub.2 R'.sub.2, POR'.sub.2, and PO(OR').sub.2 ;
- and
- R' has a maximum carbon chain length of 18 carbon atoms and is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen;
- alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl groups having from 1 to 36 carbon atoms, which may be straight-chain or branched, wherein the carbon chain may be interrupted by a member selected from the group consisting of O, S, N, P, Si, --CO--, --CONR-- and --COO--, and which may be substituted;
- cycloalkyl radicals which may have heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, S, N, P and Si and which may be substituted;
- aryl, arylalkyl, arylalkenyl, and arylalkynyl radicals, which may have heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, S, N, P and Si and which may be substituted;
- bisarylalkyl and bisaryl radicals, which may be substituted;
- condensed aromatic compound radicals, which may be substituted;
- and heterocyclic compound radicals, which may be substituted;
- wherein
- m=0 to 2.5
- n=0.01 to 2.95, and
- wherein a degree of polymerization of said derivative is higher than 400, and which is synthesized from cellulose in a mixture of LiCl and one or more members selected from the group consisting of dimethyl acetamide and N-methylpyrrolidone.