A benzylaminoaryl-dihydropyridinelactone compound of the formula (I) ##STR13## in which R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 -aryl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkylthio, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, difluoromethoxy, di-C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkylamino, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxycarbonyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkylsulphonyl,
- R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, or represents a straight-chain, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having up to 10 carbon atoms which is optionally substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkylthio, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkylsulphonyl, halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, pyridyl, thienyl, pyrimidyl, piperidinyl, phenyl or an amino group, where the amino group carries two identical or different substituents selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, phenyl and benzyl,
- R.sup.3 represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, or represents cyano, hydroxymethyl or formyl, and
- R.sup.4 represents hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl or trifluoromethyl,
- in the form of its diastereomers, diastereomeric mixtures, racemates or optical antipodes, and physiologically acceptable salts thereof.