Active material useful as adsorbent comprising metal oxide/hydroxide surfaces reacted with one or more phosphorous-containing materials having selected organic radicals attached thereto
AssigneeAluminum Company of America
InventorsLarry F. Wieserman, Karl Wefers, Kathryn Cross, Edward S. Martin
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Abstract
An active material is disclosed comprising a metal oxide/hydroxide surface having chemically bonded to reactive sites thereon, a monolayer of a phosphorus-containing organic material comprised of a phosphorus-containing group and a carbon-containing group. The bond to the metal oxide/hydroxide surface is formed by reaction of the phosphorus-containing group with the metal oxide/hydroxide surface, so that the carbon-containing group of the material is oriented away from the metal oxide/hydroxide surface.
Claims49
A process for chemically bonding a monomolecular layer of phosphorus-containing organic material to a metal oxide/hydroxide surface to form an active material suitable for use as an adsorbent and having good chemical stability over a pH range of from 1 to 14 which comprises:
- (a) providing a liquid containing an organic material therein having 1-2 phosphorus-containing groups thereon selected from the class consisting of:
- (i) phosphonic acid having the formula RPO(OH).sub.2 ;
- and
- (ii) phosphinic acid having the formula RR'PO(OH);
- where R comprises a 1-30 carbon-containing group and R' comprises hydrogen or a 1-30 carbon-containing group;
- and
- (b) contacting said metal oxide/hydroxide surface with said liquid to chemically bond said phosphorus containing organic material to substantially all of the exposed hydroxyl groups on said metal oxide/hydroxide surface to form a monomolecular layer of said organic material thereon forming said active material.
A process for chemically bonding a monomolecular layer of phosphorus-containing organic material to a metal oxide/hydroxide surface to form an active material suitable for use as an adsorbent and having good chemical stability over a pH range of from 1 to 14 which comprises:
- (a) providing a liquid containing an organic material therein having 1-2 phosphorus-containing groups thereon selected from the class consisting of:
- (i) phosphonic acid having the formula RPO(OH).sub.2 ;
- and
- (ii) phosphinic acid having the formula RR'PO(OH);
- where R comprises a 1-30 carbon-containing group and R, comprises hydrogen or a 1-30 carbon-containing group;
- (b) maintaining said liquid containing said phosphorus-containing organic material at a concentration of at least about 0.0001 to 0.1 molar;
- and
- (c) contacting the metal oxide/hydroxide surface with said liquid at a temperature of from about 25.degree.-90.degree. C. for a period of from at least 1 second to about 20 hours to chemically bond said phosphorus-containing organic material to substantially all of the exposed hydroxyl groups on said metal oxide/hydroxide surface to form a monomolecular layer of said organic material thereon comprising said active material;
- whereby said metal oxide/hydroxide surface is substantially free of unreacted hydroxyl groups after said chemical bonding, said active material is stable at a pH of from 1-14, and said active material is insoluble in aqueous media.
A process for chemically bonding a monomolecular layer of phosphorus-containing organic material to a metal oxide/hydroxide surface to form an active material suitable for use as an adsorbent and having good chemical stability over a pH range of from 1 to 14 which comprises:
- (a) providing a liquid containing an organic material therein having 1-2 phosphorus-containing groups thereon selected from the class consisting of:
- (i) phosphonic acid having the formula RPO(OH).sub.2 ;
- and
- (ii) phosphinic acid having the formula RR'PO(OH);
- where R comprises a 1-30 carbon-containing group and R, comprises hydrogen or a 1-30 carbon-containing group;
- (b) maintaining said liquid containing said phosphorus-containing organic material at a concentration of at least about 0.0001 to 0.1 molar;
- and
- (c) contacting with said liquid at a temperature of from about 25.degree.-90.degree. C. for a period of from at least 0.1 to about 20 hours a metal oxide/hydroxide surface consisting essentially of a metal capable of forming an oxide/hydroxide selected from the group consisting of Groups IIIa (Sc and Y), Iva (Ti, Zr, and Hf), Va (v, Nb, and Ta), VIa (Cr, Mo, and W), vIIa (Mn, Tc, and Re), VIII (Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, and Pt), lb (Cu, Ag, and Au), IIb (Zn, Cd, and Hg), IIIb (B, Al, Ga, In, and Tl), IVb (Ge, Sn, and Pb), Vb (As, Sb, and Bi), elements in the lanthanide series and the actinide series, mixtures thereof, and mixtures of Group IIA (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra) and VIb (Se, Te, and Po);
- to chemically bond said phosphorus-containing organic materials to substantially all of the exposed hydroxyl group on metal oxide/hydroxide surface to form a monomolecular layer of said organic material thereon comprising said active material;
- whereby said metal oxide/hydroxide surface is substantially free of unreacted hydroxyl groups after said chemical bonding, said active material is stable at a pH of from 1-14, and said active material is insoluble in aqueous media.
An active material comprising a metal oxide/hydroxide surface having chemically bonded to reactive sites on said surface, a monomolecular layer of a phosphorus-containing organic material suitable for use as an adsorbent and selected from the class consisting of phosphonic acid having the formula RPO(OH).sub.2 and phosphinic acid having the formula RR'PO(OH) where R comprises a 1-30 carbon-containing group and R' comprises hydrogen or a 1-30 carbon-containing group, said bond being formed by reaction of said phosphorus-containing group with said metal oxide/hydroxide surface, said carbon-containing group being oriented away from said metal oxide/hydroxide surface.
An active material comprising a metal oxide/hydroxide surface of an oxide/hydroxide of an element capable of forming an oxide/hydroxide selected from the class consisting of Groups IIIa (Sc and Y), IVa (Ti, Zr, and Hf), Va (V, Nb, and Ta), VIa (Cr, Mo, and W), VIIa (Mn, Tc, and Re), VIII (Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, and Pt), Ib (Cu, Ag, and Au), IIb (Zn, Cd, and Hg), IIIb (B, Al, Ga, In, and Tl), IVb (Ge, Sn, and Pb), Vb (As, Sb, and Bi), elements in the lanthanide series and the actinide series, mixtures thereof, and mixtures of Groups IIa (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra) and VIb (Se, Te, and Po);
- said metal oxide/hydroxide having chemically bonded to reactive sites on the surface thereof, a monomolecular layer of a phosphorus-containing organic material suitable for use as an adsorbent and selected from the class consisting of phosphonic acid having the formula RPO(OH).sub.2 and phosphinic acid having the formula RR'PO(OH) where R comprises a 1-30 carbon-containing group and R' comprises hydrogen or a 1-30 carbon-containing group, said bond being formed by reaction of said phosphorus-containing group with said metal oxide/hydroxide surface, said carbon-containing group being oriented away from said metal oxide/hydroxide surface.
An active material suitable for use as an adsorbent and capable of reacting with, attracting, coupling to, or bonding with other atoms, ions, and/or molecules comprising:
- (a) a metal oxide/hydroxide surface consisting essentially of an oxide/hydroxide of an element capable of forming an oxide/hydroxide selected from the class consisting of Groups IIIa (Sc and Y), Iva (Ti, Zr, and Hf), Va (V, Nb, and Ta), VIa (Cr, Mo, and W), VIIa (Mn, Tc, and Re), VIII (Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, and Pt), Ib (Cu, Ag, and Au), IIb (Zn, Cd, and Hg), IIIb (B, Al, Ga, In, and Tl), IVb (Ge, Sn, and Pb), Vb (As, Sb, and Bi), elements in the lanthanide series and the actinide series, mixtures thereof, and mixtures of Group IIA (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra) and VIb (Se, Te, and Po);
- (b) chemically bonding to reactive sites on said metal oxide/hydroxide surface, a monomolecular layer of a phosphorus-containing organic material comprised of a phosphorus-containing group and a carbon-containing group and selected from the class consisting of phosphonic acid having the formula (RPO(OH).sub.2 and phosphinic acid having the formula RR'PO(OH) where R comprises a 1-30 carbon-containing group and R' comprises hydrogen or a 1-30 carbon-containing group;
- said bond being formed by reaction of said phosphorus-containing group with said metal oxide/hydroxide surface, said carbon-containing group being oriented away from said metal oxide/hydroxide surface.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.