# US 4,886,554 A · Solar roofing assembly > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 4,886,554 A - Document ID: US4886554A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 07/250,588 - Filed: 1988-09-29 - Granted: 1989-12-12 - Earliest claimed: 1988-09-29 - Assignees: GAF Corporation - Inventors: William J. Woodring; Charles J. Horner, Jr. - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4886554A ## CPC - H02S 20/23: specially adapted for roof structures - F24S 20/67: in the form of roof constructions (in the form of shingles or tiles F24S20/69) - Y02B 10/10: Photovoltaic [PV] - Y02B 10/20: Solar thermal - Y02E 10/40: Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers - Y02E 10/44: Heat exchange systems - Y02E 10/50: Photovoltaic [PV] energy - Y10S 136/291: Applications - H02S: GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES (obtaining electrical energy from radioactive sources G21H1/12; light sensitive inorganic semiconductor devices H10F; light sensitive organic semiconductor devices H10K30/00; thermoelectric devices H10N10/00; pyroelectric devices H10N15/00) - F24S: SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS (for producing mechanical power from solar energy F03G6/00) - Y02B: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION - Y10S: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS ## Abstract A solar roofing assembly is provided including a roofing membrane, a plurality of insulation blocks disposed as a layer on top of the roofing membrane, a plurality of pavers disposed as a layer on top of the plurality of insulation blocks, and a plurality of photovoltaic cells, each supported on a respective paver. In a second embodiment, each paver has a respective photovoltaic cell bonded to the top surface of the paver and has a respective insulation block bonded to the bottom surface of the paver forming a shop assembled, three-layer unit. The insulation block is also tapered with one side edge being thicker than an opposite side edge so that rain water will run off the top surface of the photovoltaic cell. The three-layer paver units are arranged on top of the roofing membrane, so that the top surfaces of the photovoltaic cells face south or in the direction of increased sun exposure. The insulation blocks have interlocking side surfaces. The joints between the pavers and the insulation blocks permit drainage therethrough of rain water for flow of rain water over the top of the roofing membrane. A method of manufacture is provided, wherein three-layer units of insulation block, paver and photovoltaic cell are made in the shop, and wherein the three-layer units are installed in the field over a field-installed roofing membrane. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A solar roofing assembly comprising: a roofing membrane; a plurality of insulation blocks disposed as a layer on top of the roofing membrane; a plurality of pavers disposed as a layer on top of the plurality of insulation blocks; and a plurality of photovoltaic cells disposed as a layer on top of the plurality of pavers. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The assembly of claim 1, wherein each paver has a respective photovoltaic cell mounted on top of the paver. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The assembly of claim 2, wherein each pair of pavers with adjoining side surfaces has a joint disposed between the surfaces for water drainage, and each pair of insulation blocks with adjoining side surfaces has a joint disposed between the surfaces for water drainage. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The assembly of claim 3, wherein each insulation block has a respective paver positioned on top of the insulation block. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The assembly of claim 4, wherein each paver has a top surface which is bonded to its respective photovoltaic cell, forming a two-layer integral block. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The assembly of claim 5, wherein each paver has a bottom surface which is bonded to its respective insulation block, forming a three-layer integral block. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The assembly of claim 6, wherein each insulation block is a tapered insulation block, and the photovoltaic cell disposed above the insulation block has a top surface which can be installed so as to face in a direction of increased sun exposure. ### Claim 8 The method of making a solar roofing assembly including: shop assembling a paver with a respective photovoltaic cell bonded to a top surface of the paver and a tapered insulating block bonded to a bottom surface of the paver forming a three-layer paver unit; installing in the field a roofing membrane; installing in the field the shop-assembled three-layer paver units as a layer on top of the roofing membrane. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, including positioning the three-layer paver units in the field in substantially straight lines with their photovoltaic cells facing in a direction of maximum sun exposure. ### Claim 10 A solar roofing assembly comprising: a roofing membrane of substantially watertight construction; a plurality of pavers disposed as a layer above the roofing membrane; and a plurality of photovoltaic cells respectively disposed on top of the plurality of pavers.