Method of high speed machining

A method of extending the life of an insert in a machining operation, comprising:

• contacting the workpiece with the cutting edge of the insert to shear material from the workpiece producing heat;
• combining one liquid with a different pressurized fluid in liquid phase to form a coolant stream including low temperature fluid particles in solid phase;
• directing said coolant stream including low temperature fluid particles in solid phase at high velocity toward the cutting edge of the insert and the workpiece;
• converting said coolant stream including low temperature fluid particles in solid phase to a vapor exposure to the heat produced by shearing material from the workpiece, the conversion of said fluid particles from solid phase to a vapor drawing heat from the workpiece to lessen the transfer of heat between the workpiece and insert to prolong the life of the insert.

A method of machining a workpiece with an insert to remove material from the workpiece in minute granules, comprising:

• contacting the workpiece with a cutting edge of the insert to shear material from the workpiece producing heat;
• combining one liquid with a different pressurized fluid in liquid phase to form a coolant stream including low temperature fluid particles in solid phase;
• directing said stream including low temperature fluid particles in solid phase at high velocity toward the cutting edge of the insert and the workpiece;
• converting said coolant stream including low temperature fluid particles in solid phase to a vapor upon exposure to the heat produced by shearing material from the workpiece, said low temperature fluid particles in solid phase undergoing a rapid volumetric expansion in forming a vapor;
• impacting the workpiece with said vapor to shear material therefrom and break up the material into minute granules.

A method of machining a workpiece comprising:

• transmitting a stream of water at high velocity through a conduit having a discharge orifice;
• combining liquid carbon dioxide with said stream of water within said conduit upstream from said discharge orifice;
• converting the liquid carbon dioxide to vapor phase upon contact with said stream of water to form a coolant stream including low temperature ice particles within said conduit;
• contacting the workpiece with a cutting edge of an insert to initially shear material from the workpiece which produces heat;
• discharging said coolant stream including low temperature ice particles from the discharge orifice of said conduit at high velocity toward the cutting edge of the insert and the workpiece;
• converting said coolant stream including low temperature ice particles to steam and carbon dioxide gas upon exposure to the heat produced by shearing material from the workpiece, said coolant stream including low temperature ice particles undergoing a rapid volumetric expansion in forming the steam and carbon dioxide gas;
• impacting the workpiece with the steam and carbon dioxide gas to shear material from the workpiece and to break up the sheared material into minute granules.

A method of machining, comprising:

• contacting a workpiece with the cutting edge of an insert to initially shear material from the workpiece producing heat;
• transmitting a stream of one liquid through a first conduit, said first conduit having a top portion, a bottom portion and a discharge orifice orientated toward the cutting edge of the insert and the workpiece;
• transmitting a stream of a different, pressurized fluid in liquid phase through a second conduit, said second conduit being connected to said top portion of said first conduit upstream from said discharge orifice in said first conduit;
• combining said pressurized fluid in liquid phase with said stream of said one liquid to form a coolant stream within said first conduit including low temperature fluid particles in solid phase, said coolant stream being formed with a temperature gradient wherein the temperature of said coolant stream increases from said top portion of said first conduit to said bottom portion thereof;
• ejecting said coolant stream at high velocity from said discharge orifice of said first conduit toward the cutting edge of the insert and the workpiece to cool the workpiece.