Non-peripheral blowing of oxygen-containing gas in steam generating boilers

A method of improving combustion in a steam generating boiler having a bottom wall supporting a char bed and sidewalls with ports through which air is admitted for combustion of combustible species in the char bed and emanating therefrom, which comprises introducing an oxygen-containing gas into a lower central zone of the boiler, from at least one point remote from said sidewalls to thereby cause intimate mixing of the oxygen contained in said gas with said combustible species, said oxygen-containing gas being blown upwardly from above said char bed.

A method, of improving combustion in a steam generating boiler having a bottom wall supporting a char bed and sidewalls with ports through which air is admitted for combustion of combustible species in the char bed and emanating therefrom, which comprises introducing an oxygen-containing gas into a lower central zone of the boiler, from at least one point remote from said sidewalls to thereby cause intimating mixing of the oxygen contained in said gas with said combustible species, and pneumatically injecting particulate solids as seeds together with said oxygen-containing gas to cause agglomeration of volatized inorganic matter, said particulate solids comprising particles of sodium sulfate. or char bed temperature.

A method of improving combustion in a steam generating boiler having a bottom wall supporting a char bed and sidewalls with ports through which air is admitted for combustion of combustible species in the char bed and emanating therefrom, which comprises introducing an oxygen-containing gas into a lower central zone of the boiler, from at least one point remote from said sidewalls to thereby cause intimate mixing of the oxygen contained in said gas with said combustible species, and pneumatically injecting a solid oxygen reactive material in particulate form into said boiler separately of said oxygen containing gas, by means of a carrier gas which is non-reactive to said oxygen reactive material.

A method of improving combustion in a steam generating boiler having a bottom wall supporting a char bed and sidewalls with ports through which air is admitted for combustion of combustible species in the char bed and emanating therefrom, which comprises introducing an oxygen-containing gas into a lower central zone of the boiler, from at least one point remote from said sidewalls to thereby cause intimate mixing of the oxygen contained in said gas with said combustible species, and injecting a solid oxygen reactive material in particulate form into said boiler by means of a liquid hydrocarbon.

In a steam generating boiler having a bottom wall supporting a char bed and sidewalls with ports through which air is admitted for combustion of combustible species in the char bed and emanating therefrom, the improvement which comprises means for blowing an oxygen-containing gas into a lower central zone of the boiler, from at least one point remote from the upper portion thereof and from said sidewalls to thereby cause intimate mixing of the oxygen contained in said gas with said combustible species.

In a steam generating boiler having a bottom wall supporting a char bed and sidewalls with ports through which air is admitted for combustion of combustible species in the char bed and emanating therefrom, the improvement which comprises means for blowing an oxygen-containing gas downwardly from an upper section of the boiler into a lower central zone of the boiler, from at least one point remote from said sidewalls to thereby cause intimate mixing of the oxygen contained in said gas with said combustible species, said gas blowing means comprising at least one elongated lance arranged in said upper section and extending downwardly to discharge through a plurality of gas discharge orifices a plurality of streams of said oxygen-containing gas, remotely from said sidewalls, said gas discharge orifices being spaced from one another and each oriented at an angle not greater than about 60.degree. relative to the longitudinal axis of the lance.

In a steam generating boiler having a bottom wall supporting a char bed and sidewalls with ports through which air is admitted for combustion of combustible species in the char bed and emanating therefrom, the improvement which comprises means for blowing am oxygen containing gas downwardly from an upper section of the boiler into a lower central zone of the boiler, from at least one point remote from said sidewalls to thereby cause intimate mixing of the oxygen contained in said gas with said combustible species, said gas blowing means comprising at least one water-cooled lance arranged in said upper section and extending downwardly to discharge through at least one orifice thereof at least one stream of said oxygen-containing gas, remotely from said sidewalls.

In a steam generating boiler having a bottom wall supporting a char bed and sidewalls with ports through which air is admitted for combustion of combustible species in the char bed and emanating therefrom, the improvement which comprises means for blowing an oxygen-containing gas downwardly from an upper section of the boiler into a lower central zone of the boiler, from at least one point remote from said sidewalls to thereby cause intimate mixing of the oxygen contained in said gas with said combustible species, said gas blowing means comprising at least one elongated lance arranged in said upper section and extending downwardly to discharge through at least one orifice thereof at least one stream of said oxygen-containing gas, remotely from said sidewalls, said at least one lance comprising a first tubular conduit for blowing said oxygen-containing gas and a second tubular conduit concentrically arranged with respect to said first conduit to define a channel of annular cross-section surrounding said first conduit for blowing a gas shrouding said oxygen-containing gas.

A steam generating boiler having a bottom wall supporting a char bed and sidewalls with ports through which air is admitted for combustion of combustible species in the char bed and emanating therefrom, the improvement which comprises means for blowing an oxygen-containing gas into a lower central zone of the boiler, from at least one point remote from said sidewalls to thereby cause intimate mixing of the oxygen contained in said gas with said combustible species, said gas blowing means being adapted to blow said oxygen-containing gas upwardly from above said char bed.

An injector for use in a steam generating boiler having a bottom wall supporting a char bed and sidewalls with ports through which air is admitted for combustion of combustible species in the char bed and emanating therefrom, said injector being mountable on said bottom wall remotely from said sidewalls for blowing an oxygen-containing gas into a lower central zone of said boiler and comprising an elongated conduit of temperature and corrosion resistant metal extending through said bottom wall, and a protective refractory structure surrounding said conduit, said conduit and refractory structure coextending from said bottom wall through said char bed.

An injector for use in a steam generating boiler having a bottom wall supporting a char bed and sidewalls with ports through which air is admitted for combustion of combustible species in the char bed and emanating therefrom, said injector being mountable on said bottom wall remotely from said sidewalls for blowing an oxygen-containing gas into a lower central zone of said boiler and comprising a first tubular conduit of temperature and corrosion resistant metal for blowing said oxygen-containing gas, a second tubular conduit of temperature and corrosion resistant metal concentrically arranged with respect to said first conduit to define an annular channel between said conduits for blowing a gas shrouding said oxygen-containing gas, said first and second conduits coextending through said bottom wall and said char bed, and a protective refractory structure surrounding said second conduit, said refractory structure and said second conduit coextending from said bottom wall through said char bed.

An injector for use in a steam generating boiler having a bottom wall supporting a char bed and sidewalls with ports through which air is admitted for combustion of combustible species in the char bed and emanating therefrom, said injector being mountable on said bottom wall remotely from said sidewalls for blowing an oxygen-containing gas into a lower central zone of said boiler and comprising a first tubular conduit of temperature and corrosion resistant metal for pneumatically injecting a solid oxygen reactive material in particulate form with a carrier gas which is non-reactive to said oxygen reactive material, a second tubular conduit of temperature and corrosion resistant metal concentrically arranged with respect to said first conduit to define a first channel of annular cross-section surrounding said first conduit for blowing said oxygen-containing gas, and a third tubular conduit of temperature and corrosion resistant metal concentrically arranged with respect to said second conduit to define a second channel of annular cross-section surrounding said second conduit for blowing a gas shrouding said oxygen-containing gas, said first, second and third conduits coextending through said bottom wall and said char bed.