Addition compounds suitable for use as dispersing agents and dispersion stabilizers, process for their production, their use and solids coated therewith

A process for producing addition compounds and salts thereof suitable for use as dispersing agents and as dispersion stabilizers, comprising reacting at least one polyisocyanate having an average functionality from 2.5 to 10

• (a) with at least one monohydroxy compound of Formula I
• Y--OH I
• wherein Y represents
• (i) an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon group with 8 to 30 carbon atoms, the hydrogen atoms of which may be partially replaced by halogens or aryl residues, or
• (ii) an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic group containing at least one --O--, --NHCOO-- or --COO-- group, having an average molecular weight M.sub.n from 200 to 10,000, the hydrogen atoms of which may be partially replaced by halogens,
• in such an amount that 10 to 70% of the NCO-- groups are reacted;
• (b) reacting the product of stage (a) with at least one compound of Formula II
• G--(E).sub.n II
• wherein
• E represents --OH, --NH.sub.2, or --NHR (in which R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms),
• n represents 2 to 3, and
• G represents an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic group containing at least 2 carbon atoms having an average molecular weight M.sub.n of at most 3000, which may contain --O--, --COO--, --CONH--, --NHCOO--, --S--, --Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2 O-- or --SO.sub.2 -- groups,
• in such an amount that a further 1 to 50% of the NCO-- groups of the originally provided polyisocyanate are reacted,
• whereby in stages (a) and (b) all total from 20 to 85% of the NCO groups of the originally provided polyisocyanate are reacted,
• (c) reacting the product of stage (b) with at least one of the compound of Formula III
• Z--Q III
• or IV
• Z--NH--Z IV
• wherein
• Q represents --OH, --NH.sub.2, --NHR (wherein R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbons atoms) or --SH, and
• Z may be the same or different and represents an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic residue having at least one acidic functional group, OH-- group or Si(OR).sub.m (R').sub.3-m -- group (wherein R and R' represent alkyl groups with 1 to 10 carbon atoms and m=1-3),
• in such an amount that at least 0.8 molecule of the compound Z--Q or Z--NH--Z is provided for each remaining isocyanate group not reacted in stages (a) and (b).