Adsorbent comprising metal oxide/hydroxide particles reacted with one or more phosphorous-containing materials having selected organic radicals attached thereto
AssigneeAluminum Company of America
InventorsLarry F. Wieserman, Karl Wefers, Kathryn Cross, Edward S. Martin
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Abstract
An active material is disclosed comprising metal oxide/hydroxide particles having chemically bonded to reactive sites on a surface thereof, a monolayer of a phosphorous-containing organic material comprised of a phosphorous-containing group and a carbon-containing group. The bond to the metal oxide/hydroxide surface is formed by reaction of the phosphorous-containing group with the metal oxide/hydroxide particle surface, so that the carbon-containing group of the material is oriented away from the metal oxide/hydroxide surface.
Claims52
A process for chemically bonding a monomolecular layer of phosphorous-containing organic material to metal oxide/hydroxide particles to form an active material suitable for use as an adsorbent and having good chemical stability over a pH range of from 1 to 14 which comprises:
- (a) providing a liquid containing an organic material therein having 1-2 phosphorous-containing groups thereon selected from the class consisting of:
- (i) phosphonic acid having the formula RPO(OH).sub.2 ;
- and
- (ii) phosphinic acid having the formula RR'PO(OH);
- where R comprises a 1-30 carbon-containing group and R' comprises hydrogen or a 1-30 carbon-containing group;
- and
- (b) contacting the metal oxide/hydroxide particles with said liquid to chemically bond said phosphorous-containing organic material to all of the exposed hydroxyl groups on the surface of said metal oxide/hydroxide particles to form a monomolecular layer of said organic material thereon forming said active material.
A process for chemically bonding a monomolecular layer of phosphorous-containing organic material to metal oxide/hydroxide particles to form an active material suitable for use as an adsorbent and having good chemical stability over a pH range of from 1 to 14 which comprises:
- (a) providing a liquid containing an organic material therein having 1-2 phosphorous-containing groups thereon selected from the class consisting of:
- (i) phosphonic acid having the formula RPO(OH).sub.2 ;
- and
- (ii) phosphinic acid having the formula RR'PO(OH);
- where R comprises a 1-30 carbon-containing group and R' comprises hydrogen or a 1-30 carbon-containing group;
- (b) maintaining said liquid containing said phosphorous-containing organic material at a concentration of at least about 0.0001 to 0.1 molar;
- and
- (c) contacting the metal oxide/hydroxide particles with said liquid at a temperature of from about 25.degree.-90.degree. C. for a period of from at least 0.1 to about 20 hours to chemically bond said phosphorous-containing organic material to all of the exposed hydroxyl groups on the surface of said metal oxide/hydroxide particles to form a monomolecular layer of said organic material thereon comprising said active material;
- whereby said surface of said metal oxide/hydroxide particles is substantially free of unreacted hydroxyl groups after said chemical bonding, said active material is stable at a pH of from 1-14, and said active material is insoluble in aqueous media.
An active material comprising a metal oxide/hydroxide particle having chemically bonded to reactive sites on a surface thereof, a monomolecular layer of a phosphorous-containing organic material suitable for use as an adsorbent and selected from the class consisting of phosphonic acid having the formula RPO(OH).sub.2 and phosphinic acid having the formula RR'PO(OH) where R comprises a 1-30 carbon-containing group and R' comprises hydrogen or a 1-30 carbon-containing group, said bond being formed by reaction of said phosphorous-containing group with said metal oxide/hydroxide surface, said carbon-containing group being oriented away from said metal oxide/hydroxide surface.
An active material suitable for use as an adsorbent and capable of reacting with, attracting, coupling to, or bonding with other atoms, ions, and/or molecules comprising:
- (a) metal oxide/hydroxide particles consisting essentially of an oxide/hydroxide of an element capable of forming an oxide/hydroxide selected from the class consisting of group IB, group IIA, group IIB, group IIIA, IVA, VA, group IIIB, group IVA, group IVB, group VB, group VIB, group VIIB, and group VIII elements;
- lanthanide series;
- selenium, silicon, boron, arsenic, thorium, uranium and tellurium;
- and
- (b) chemically bonded to reactive sites on a surface of said metal oxide/hydroxide particles, a monomolecular layer of a phosphorous-containing organic material comprised of a phosphorous-containing group and a carbon-containing group and selected from the class consisting of phosphonic acid having the formula RPO(OH) and phosphinic acid having the formula RR'PO(OH) wherer R comprises a 1-30 carbon-containing group and R.sup.1 comprises hydrogen or a 1-30 carbon-containing group;
- said bond being formed by reaction of said phosphorous-containing group with said metal oxide/hydroxide particle surface, said carbon-containing group being oriented away from said metal oxide/hydroxide particle surface.
A process for chemically bonding a monomolecular layer of phosphorous-containing organic material to a metal oxide/hydroxide particle to form an active material suitable for use as an adsorbent and having good chemical stability over a pH range of from 1 to 14 which comprises:
- (a) providing a liquid containing an organic material therein having 1-2 phosphorous-containing groups thereon selected from the class consisting of:
- (i) phosphonic acid having the formula RPO(OH).sub.2 ;
- and
- (ii) phosphinic acid having the formula RR'PO(OH);
- where R comprises a 1-30 carbon-containing group and R' comprises hydrogen or a 1-30 carbon-containing group;
- and
- (b) treating the metal oxide/hydroxide particle with said liquid to form said active material by chemically bonding said phosphorous-containing organic material to substantially all of the exposed hydroxyl groups on the surface of said metal oxide/hydroxide particle to form a monomolecular layer of said organic material thereon wherein said phosphonic or phosphinic acid molecules are bonded to said metal oxide/hydroxide particle to form said monomolecular layer;
- whereby the surface chemistry of said metal oxide/hydroxide particle is changed by the reaction of substantially all of the hydroxy groups on the surface with said phosphorous-containing organic material to form said monomolecular layer to render the resultant active material stable at a pH of from 1-14 and insoluble in aqueous media.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.