Viscosity index improver--dispersant additive useful in oil compositions
AssigneeExxon Chemical Patents Inc.
InventorsJohn B. Gardiner, Martyn N. Dick
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
Hydrocarbon polymers such as ethylene copolymers may be reacted with unsaturated nitrogen-containing monomers or unsaturated carboxylic acids in the presence of a free radical catalyst such as a peroxide or azo free radical initiator and a chain stopping agent, e.g. a mercaptan to inhibit excessive cross-linking and branching. The copolymer grafted directly with the nitrogen-containing monomers may be utilized as an additive for oil and fuel compositions, particularly lubricating oil compositions as a V.I.-dispersant additive. The polymer reacted with carboxylic acid may be further reacted with amines, polyols, amino-alcohols, etc. to also form a V.I.-dispersant additive.
Claims52
A process comprising grafting in the substantial absence of solvent a hydrocarbon polymer of C.sub.2 to C.sub.28 olefin, said polymer having a number average molecular weight in the range of about 5,000 to 500,000 with an unsaturated material selected from the group consisting of:
- (A) ethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 to C.sub.10 carboxylic acid having 1 to 2 carboxylic acid groups or an anhydride group, and (B) nitrogen-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing 6 to 30 carbon atoms and 1 to 4 nitrogen atoms, in the presence of a free radical initiator and a chain stopping agent comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of aliphatic mercaptans having 4 to 24 carbon atoms, diethyl hydroxyl amine, cumene and phenols, said grafting being conducted in a manner and under conditions sufficient to form a substantially oil soluble graft copolymer useful as a viscosity index improver-dispersant additive for lubricating oil compositions.
A process comprising grafting in the substantial absence of solvent an oil-soluble ethylene copolymer comprising about 15 to 90 weight % ethylene and about 10 to 85 weight % of C.sub.3 to C.sub.28 alpha-olefin, said copolymer having a number average molecular weight within the range of about 5,000 to 500,000 with an unsaturated material selected from the group consisting of:
- (A) ethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 to C.sub.10 carboxylic acid having 1 to 2 carboxylic acid groups or an anhydride group, and (B) nitrogen-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing 6 to 30 carbon atoms and 1 to 4 nitrogen atoms, in the presence of a free radical initiator and a chain stopping agent comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of aliphatic mercaptans having 4 to 24 carbon atoms, diethyl hydroxyl amine, cumene and phenols, said grafting being conducted in a manner and under conditions sufficient to form a substantially oil soluble graft copolymer useful as a viscosity index improver-dispersant additive for lubricating oil compositions.
A process comprising grafting in the substantial absence of solvent at a temperature from about 120.degree. to 250.degree. C. for about 0.005 to 12 hours, a hydrocarbon polymer of C.sub.2 to C.sub.28 olefin, said polymer having a number average molecular weight in the range of about 5,000 to 500,000 with from about 0.1 to 10 weight % of an unsaturated material selected from the group consisting of:
- (A) ethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 to C.sub.10 carboxylic acid having 1 to 2 carboxylic acid groups or an anhydride group, and (B) nitrogen-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing 6 to 30 carbon atoms and 1 to 4 nitrogen atoms, in the presence of about 0.005 to 1.0 weight % of a free radical initiator and about 0.05 to 10 weight % of a chain stopping agent consisting of one or more of an aliphatic mercaptan having 4 to 24 carbon atoms, diethyl hydroxyl amine, cumene or phenols, all of said weight percentages being based upon the weight of said copolymer.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.