Hazardous material vial apparatus providing expansible sealed and filter vented chambers

Apparatus for enabling a user to mix a diluent with hazardous material and then fill a syringe having a hypodermic needle with the liquid solution in such a way as to substantailly prevent the hazardous material from entering the immediate atmospheric environment, said apparatus comprising:

• a vial container,
• hazardous material in said vial container in a condition requiring a diluent to be mixed therewith to form the liquid solution,
• means carried by said vial container for providing (1) a sealed medicament chamber within the vial container within which said hazardous material is disposed, (2) a vented control chamber and (3) a sealed control chamber between said vented control chamber and said medicament chamber,
• said chamber providing means including:
• vent opening means communicating said vented control chamber to the atmosphere,
• filter means disposed in cooperating relation with said vent opening means for enabling pressure conditions within said vented control chamber to remain at atmospheric pressure conditions while preventing movement of hazardous material outwardly through said vent opening means, and
• movable pressure containing means operable in response to the communication of fluid pressure within said sealed control chamber to expand thre volume of said sealed control chamber within limits to retain the fluid pressure communicated therein at atmospheric pressure conditions,
• said chamber providing means further functioning to enable an open end of a syringe needle of a diluent syringe having a syringe chamber containing diluent in communication therewith to be moved successively (1) into said vented control chamber, (2) out of air vented control chamber into said sealed control chamber and (3) out of said sealed control chamber into communicating relation with said medicament chamber in such a way that a substantial seal is maintained between an exterior periphery of the syringe needle (1) at a position of entry into said vented control chamber (2) at a position of passage out of the vented control chamber and into the sealed control chamber and (3) at a position of passage out of the sealed control chamber and into the medicament chamber whereby ejection of the diluent in the syringe chamber through the open end of said diluent syringe needle while in communication with said medicament chamber results in the establishment of a liquid solution of diluent and hazardous material and a gaseous fluid containing hazardous material within said medicament chamber both under elevated pressure conditions which elevated pressure conditions enable the diluent syringe chamber to be readily recharged with gaseous fluid from the medicament chamber thus reducing the pressure conditions of the gaseous fluid within the medicament chamber and syringe chamber and the liquid solution in said medicament chamber to a value near atmospheric pressure conditions,
• said chamber providing means further functioning to enable the open end of the diluent syringe needle to be withdrawn successively (1) out of said medicament chamber and into said sealed control chamber (2) out of said sealed control chamber and into said vented control chamber and (3) out of said vented control chamber in such a way that the substantial seals with the exterior periphery of the syringe needle become effectively self-sealing so that during the syringe needle withdrawal (1) any passage of gaseous material from said medicament chamber exteriorly of the syringe needle by virtue of pressure differential is received and sealed within said sealed control chamber and (2) the gaseous fluid in the syringe chamber can be ejected therefrom through the open end of the syringe needle into said vented control chamber.