Self-regulated transformer-inductor with air gaps

A transformer comprising:

• a magnetic core defining a first limb, a second limb, and a third limb each having a first end and a second end, said first ends being interconnected through a first common point of the magnetic core and said second ends being interconnected through a second common point of said magnetic core;
• primary winding means wound around at least one of said limbs of the magnetic core and supplied with alternating current by a source of electric energy;
• second winding means also wound around at least one of said limbs of the magnetic core and supplied with an alternating current generated by said source of electric energy;
• said primary and second winding means being so positioned on the magnetic core that the said two alternating currents in the primary and second winding means are coupled to an alternating current magnetic flux induced in each of the second and third limbs;
• control winding means supplied with direct current and so disposed on the magnetic core that the said direct current induces a direct current magnetic flux in each of said second and third limbs;
• the alternating current and direct current magnetic fluxes in one of the second and third limbs assisting each other while the alternating current and direct current magnetic fluxes in the other of said second and third limbs are in opposition with respect to each other;
• means for converting the alternating current in the second winding means into direct current for the supply of the control winding means, the direct current supplying the control winding means having an amplitude which varies with the amplitude of the alternating current in the second winding means for thereby varying the density of the direct current magnetic flux in the second and third limbs and controlling the permeability of said second and third limbs to the alternating current magnetic flux;
• secondary winding means subjected to the alternating current magnetic flux in said second and third limbs, and connected to an electric load for the supply of said load;
• and
• the second limb comprising gap means traversed by the resultant magnetic flux in said second limb, and the third limb also comprising gap means traversed by the resultant magnetic flux in said third limb.

A transformer comprising:

• a magnetic core defining a first limb, a second limb, and a third limb each having a first end and a second end, said first ends being interconnected through a first common point of the magnetic core and said second ends being interconnected through a second common point of said magnetic core;
• primary winding means wound around at least one of said limbs of the magnetic core and supplied with alternating current by a source of electric energy;
• second winding means also wound around at least one of said limbs of the magnetic core and supplied with an alternating current generated by said source of electric energy;
• said primary and second winding means being so positioned on the magnetic core that the said two alternating currents in the primary and second winding means are coupled to an alternating current magnetic flux induced in each of the second and third limbs;
• control winding means supplied with direct current and so disposed on the magnetic core that the said direct current induces a direct current magnetic flux in each of said second and third limbs;
• the alternating current and direct current magnetic fluxes in one of the second and third limbs assisting each other while the alternating current and direct current magnetic fluxes in the other of said second and third limbs are in opposition with respect to each other;
• means for converting the alternating current in the second winding means into direct current for the supply of the control winding means, the direct current supplying the control winding means having an amplitude which varies with the amplitude of the alternating current in the second winding means for thereby varying the density of the direct current magnetic flux in the second and third limbs and controlling the permeability of said second and third limbs to the alternating current magnetic flux;
• secondary winding means subjected to the alternating current magnetic flux in said second and third limbs, and connected to an electric load for the supply of said load;
• and
• said primary and secondary winding means being formed by a single winding mounted on said first limb and comprising a plurality of taps.

A transformer comprising:

• a magnetic core defining a first limb, a second limb, and a third limb each having a first end and a second end, said first ends being interconnected through a first common point of the magnetic core and said second ends being interconnected through a second common point of said magnetic core;
• primary winding means wound around at least one of said limbs of the magnetic core and supplied with alternating current by a source of electric energy;
• second winding means also wound around at least one of said limbs of the magnetic core and supplied with an alternating current generated by said source of electric energy;
• said primary and second winding means being so positioned on the magnetic core that the said two alternating currents in the primary and second winding means are coupled to an alternating current magnetic flux induced in each of the second and third limbs;
• control winding means supplied with direct current and so disposed on the magnetic core that the said direct current induces a direct current magnetic flux in each of said second the third limbs;
• the alternating current and direct current magnetic fluxes in one of the second and third limbs assisting each other while the alternating current and direct current magnetic fluxes in the other of said second and third limbs are in opposition with respect to each other;
• means for converting the alternating current in the second winding means into direct current for the supply of the control winding means, the direct current supplying the control winding means having an amplitude which varies with the amplitude of the alternating current in the second winding means for thereby varying the density of the direct current magnetic flux in the second and third limbs and controlling the permeability of said second and third limbs to the alternating current magnetic flux;
• secondary winding means subjected to the alternating current magnetic flux in said second and third limbs, and connected to an electric load for the supply of said load;
• and
• said primary winding means being disposed on the first limb and having a number of turns N.sub.P, the second winding means comprising first and second windings disposed on the second and third limbs, respectively, connected in series and each comprising a number of turns N.sub.S, the first limb having a cross section of areas S.sub.1, the second and third limbs each having a cross section of the area S.sub.23, and the parameters N.sub.P, N.sub.S, S.sub.1 and S.sub.23 satisfying the following relationship:
• N.sub.P .multidot.S.sub.1 .gtoreq.N.sub.S .multidot.S.sub.23.

A transformer comprising:

• a magnetic core defining a first limb, a second limb and a third limb each having a first end and a second end, said first ends being interconnected through a first common point of the magnetic core and said second ends being interconnected through a second common point of said magnetic core;
• primary winding means wound around said first limb and supplied with alternating current by a source of electric energy;
• second winding means wound around at least one of said limbs of the magnetic core and supplied with an alternating current generated by said source;
• said alternating currents in the primary and second winding means being coupled to a first alternating current magnetic flux flowing in a closed magnetic circuit defined by the first and second limbs and to a second alternating current magnetic flux flowing in a closed magnetic circuit defined by the first and third limbs, the first and second alternating current magnetic fluxes assisting each other in the first limb;
• a first control winding and a second control winding wound around the second and third limbs, respectively, said first and second control windings being so connected in series and supplied with direct current that the said direct current induces a direct current magnetic flux flowing in a closed magnetic circuit defined by the second and third limbs;
• means for converting the alternating current in the second winding means into direct current for the supply of the first and second control windings, the direct current supplying the control windings having an amplitude which varies with the amplitude of the alternating current in the second winding means to thereby vary the density of said direct current magnetic flux and controlling the permeability of the second and third limbs to the first and second alternating current magnetic fluxes, respectively;
• and
• secondary winding means wound around said first limb, subjected to the first and second alternating current magnetic fluxes which assist each other in the first limb, and connected to an electric load for the supply of said load.

A transformer comprising:

• a magnetic core defining a first limb, a second limb and a third limb each having a first end and a second end, said first ends being interconnected through a first common point of the magnetic core and said second ends being interconnected through a second common point of said magnetic core;
• a primary winding wound around said first limb and supplied with alternating current by a source of electric energy;
• a first alternating current winding and a second alternating current winding disposed around said second and third limbs, respectively, connected in series and supplied with an alternating current generated by said source;
• said alternating currents in the primary winding and in the first and second alternating current windings being coupled to a first alternating current magnetic flux flowing in a closed magnetic circuit defined by the first and second limbs and to a second alternating current magnetic flux flowing in a closed magnetic circuit defined by the first and third limbs, said first and second alternating current magnetic fluxes assisting each other in the first limb;
• a first control winding and a second control winding disposed around the second and third limbs, respectively, said first and second control windings being connected in series and supplied with direct current to induce a direct current magnetic flux flowing in a closed magnetic circuit defined by the second and third limbs;
• means for converting the alternating current supplying the first and second alternating current windings into direct current for the supply of the first and second control windings, the direct current supplying said control windings having an amplitude which varies with the amplitude of the alternating current in the first and second alternating current windings to thereby vary the density of said direct current magnetic flux and controlling the permeability of the second and third limbs to the first and second alternating current magnetic fluxes, respectively;
• and
• a secondary winding wound around the first limb and consequently subjected to the first and second alternating current magnetic fluxes which assist each other in said first limb, said secondary winding being provided with two terminals between which the first and second alternating current windings are connected in series, whereby the alternating current in the first and second alternating current windings is supplied to said first and second alternating current windings through the two terminals of the secondary winding.

A transformer comprising:

• a magnetic core defining a first limb, a second limb, and a third limb each having a first end and a second end, said first ends being interconnected through a first common point of the magnetic core and said second ends being interconnected through a second common point of said magnetic core;
• primary winding means wound around at least one of said limbs of the magnetic core and supplied with alternating current by a source of electric energy;
• second winding means also wound around at least one of said limbs of the magnetic core and supplied with an alternating current generated by said source of electric energy;
• said primary and second winding means being so positioned on the magnetic core that the said two alternating currents in the primary and second winding means are coupled to an alternating current magnetic flux induced in each of the second and third limbs;
• control winding means supplied with direct current and so disposed on the magnetic core that the said direct current induces a direct current magnetic flux in each of said second and third limbs;
• the alternating current and direct current magnetic fluxes in one of the second and third limbs assisting each other while the alternating current and direct current magnetic fluxes in the other of said second and third limbs are in opposition with respect to each other;
• means for converting the alternating current in the second winding means into direct current for the supply of the control winding means, the direct current supplying the control winding means having an amplitude which varies with the amplitude of the alternating current in the second winding means for thereby varying the density of the direct current magnetic flux in the second and third limbs and controlling the permeability of said second and third limbs to the alternating current magnetic flux;
• and
• secondary winding means subjected to the alternating current magnetic flux in said second and third limbs, and connected to an electric load for the supply of said load;
• wherein (a) said current converting means comprises a diode bridge for rectifying the alternating current supplying the second winding means and for supplying the so rectified current to the control winding means, the rectified current constituting the direct current supplying the control winding means, and (b) the said transformer further comprises an inductor connected in parallel with said second winding means.

A transformer comprising:

• a magnetic core defining a first limb, a second limb, and a third limb each having a first end and a second end, said first ends being interconnected through a first common point of the magnetic core and said second ends being interconnected through a second common point of said magnetic core;
• primary winding means wound around at least one of said limbs of the magnetic core and supplied with alternating current by a source of electric energy;
• second winding means also wound around at least one of said limbs of the magnetic core and supplied with an alternating current generated by said source of electric energy;
• said primary and second winding means being so positioned on the magnetic core that the said two alternating currents in the primary and second winding means are coupled to an alternating current magnetic flux induced in each of the second and third limbs;
• control winding means supplied with direct current and so disposed on the magnetic core that the said direct current induces a direct current magnetic flux in each of said second and third limbs;
• the alternating current and direct current magnetic fluxes in one of the second and third limbs assisting each other while the alternating current and direct current magnetic fluxes in the other of said second and third limbs are in opposition with respect to each other;
• means for converting the alternating current in the second winding means into direct current for the supply of the control winding means, the direct current supplying the control winding means having an amplitude which varies with the amplitude of the alternating current in the second winding means for thereby varying the density of the direct current magnetic flux in the second and third limbs and controlling the permeability of said second and third limbs to the alternating current magnetic flux;
• and
• secondary winding means subjected to the alternating current magnetic flux in said second and third limbs, and connected to an electric load for the supply of said load;
• wherein said current converting means comprises a diode bridge for rectifying the alternating current supplying the second winding means and for supplying the so rectified current to the control winding means, the rectified current constituting the direct current supplying the control winding means, wherein said diode bridge comprises an input and an output traversed by the alternating current supplying the second winding means, and wherein said transformer further comprises a current transformer subjected to the alternating current in the second winding means and comprising a secondary winding provided with first and second terminals respectively connected to said input and output of the diode bridge.