Method and apparatus for improving electrochemical processes

In an electrochemical process utilizing at least one positive and at least one negative electrode, the improvement of

• periodically applying a voltage across said electrodes to provide a current in a first direction between the electrodes through the electrolyte of the electrochemical process;
• periodically reversing the direction of the current through the electrolyte;
• and
• changing said current in response to voltage changes occurring across said electrodes caused by perturbations in said electrochemical process where the slope of the function representing the current change with respect to a voltage change caused by said perturbation is at least five.

In an electrochemical process utilizing at least one positive and at least one negative electrode, the improvement of

• periodically providing a current in a first direction between the electrodes through the electrolyte of the electrochemical process,
• periodically reversing the direction of the current through the electrolyte to repolarize said electrodes, to at least decrease the electric double layer at said electrodes, and to exercise said electrolyte;
• and
• changing said current in response to voltage changes occurring across said electrodes caused by perturbations in said electrochemical process where the slope of the function representing the current change with respect to a voltage change caused by said perturbations is sufficiently large to enhance said repolarizing, said decreasing of the electric double layer and said exercising of the electrolyte to thus effect improvement in the electrochemical process.