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US 4,707,240 AGranted
Method and apparatus for improving the life of an electrode
AssigneeIonics, Incorporated
InventorsEdgardo J. Parsi, Keith J. Sims, Arthur L. Goldstein
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AssigneeIonics, Incorporated
InventorsEdgardo J. Parsi, Keith J. Sims, Arthur L. Goldstein
Estimating the term…
Method and apparatus are disclosed for improving the anodic life of an electrode in an electrodialysis stack which electrode comprises at least in part an area which is anodic during at least part of the duty time of said stack, which stack also comprises an electrode compartment (chamber, cell, space) containing said electrode, a counter-electrode in a counter-electrode compartment and interior compartments between said electrode compartment and said counter-electrode compartment, which method and apparatus comprises: (a) introducing into said electrode compartment (and means therefor) a solution capable of forming a film on said area which is anodic during at least part of the operating time of said stack, which film is characterized by being electronically conducting and substantially refractory anodically, and (b) causing a film derived at least in part from said solution to be formed on said area which is anodic during at least part of the duty time of said stack (and means therefor) said film characterized by being substantially refractory anodically and electronically conducting.
A method for extending the useful anode life of an electrode in an electrodialysis stack which electrode comprises at least in part an area which is anodic during at least part of the operating time of said stack, which stack also comprises an electrode compartment containing said electrode, a counter-electrode in a counter-electrode compartment and interior compartments between said electrode compartment and said counter-electrode compartment, which method comprises:
Apparatus for extending the useful anodic life of an electrode in an electrodialysis stack which electrode comprises at least in part an area which is anodic during at least part of the operating time of said stack, said stack also comprising an electrode compartment containing said electrode, a counter-electrode in a counter-electrode compartment and interior compartments between said electrode compartment and said counter-electrode compartment, which apparatus comprises:
Apparatus for extending the useful anodic life of an electrode in an electrodialysis stack which electrode comprises at least in part an area which is substantially anodically-refractory and electronically-conducting and which is anodic during at least part of the operating time of said stack, said stack also comprising an electrode compartment containing said electrode, a counter-electrode in a counter-electrode compartment and interior compartments between said electrode compartment and said counter-electrode compartment, which apparatus comprises:
An improved method of operating an electrodialysis apparatus, said apparatus comprising at least one electrodialysis pack which pack comprises first and second electrodes, interior electrodialysis compartments therebetween, said first electrode comprising a surface region having a composition adapted to convert ionic current to electronic current, said improved method comprising:
An improved method of operating an electrodialysis apparatus, said apparatus comprising at least one electrodialysis pack which pack comprises first and second electrodes, interior electrodialysis compartments therebetween, said first electrode comprising at least in part an area which is anodic during at least part of the operating time of said apparatus, said improved method comprising:
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.