A process for producing an optically active L-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)serine compound of the formula (II) ##STR10## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each are a hydrogen atom such that --OR.sup.1 and --OR.sup.2 are catecholic 3- and 4-hydroxyl groups, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each are a hydroxyl-protecting group for the catecholic 3- and 4-hydroxyl groups, and an optically active N-acyl-D-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)serine compound of the formula (III) ##STR11## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are as defined above and R.sup.3 is an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group or an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group, which process comprises reacting an N-acyl-DL-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)serine compound of the general formula (I) ##STR12## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are as defined above, with a microorganism having an acylase or with an extract of said microorganism containing said acylase capable of removing hydrolytically the N-acyl group (--CO--R.sup.3) from the L-isomer of the DL-serine compound of the formula (I), and thereby to produce the L-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)serine compound of the formula (II), and separating this L-serine compound (II) from the N-acyl-D-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)serine compound of the formula (III) which remains unaltered without being de-acylated, said microorganism being selected from the group consisting of Actinomyces aureoverticillatus ATCC 19726;
- Actinomyces bicolor ATCC 23614;
- Streptomyces blastmyceticus ATCC 19731;
- Streptomyces chartreusis ATCC 19738;
- Streptomyces flavopersicus ATCC 19756;
- Actinomyces flavotricini ATCC 23621;
- Streptoverticillium griseocarneum ATCC 19763;
- Streptomyces hachijoensis ATCC 19769;
- Streptomyces halstedii ATCC 19770;
- Streptoverticillium hiroshimense ATCC 19772, Streptomyces tendae ATCC 19812;
- and Streptomyces toyocaensis ATCC 19814.