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AssigneeThermal Energy Stroage, Inc.
InventorsEric A. Jensen, James Hitchin, Albert G. Tsai, Gustaf O. Arrhenius
Estimating the term…
Heat storage and transfer system and method in which a liquid-solid phase change material and a liquid-vapor phase change material selected for coaction with each other are disposed in a container with a body of the liquid phase of the liquid-vapor material in continuous contact with a body of the liquid phase of the liquid-solid material for superior heat transfer between the materials for giving up and transferring sensible heat and liquid to solid phase change latent heat to vaporize liquid-vapor phase change material and vapor to liquid phase change latent heat to a condenser/heat exchanger and also for superior heat transfer from a heat source such as a solar or electric heater by giving up the heat of condensation of a vapor phase to a solid-liquid material which accepts the heat as sensible heat and as heat of melting.
A latent and sensible heat storage and transfer system comprising a container, a body of fusible, crystallizable, liquid-solid phase change heat storage material in said container, water amounting to about 5% in excess of the water of crystallization of said heat storage material, a body of volatile liquid heat transfer material in direct contact with said eat storage material for evaporation by sensible heat and by latent heat given up in crystallization from molten state of heat storage material to deliver heat from the system, a condenser/heat exchanger for taking up heat of condensation from vapors of said heat transfer liquid and means for heating and melting said heat storage material, said heat transfer material having a boiling point not higher than the crystallization temperature of said heat storage material at the vapor pressure in said container during delivery of heat.
The method of latent and sensible heat storage and transfer comprising (1) providing a body of hot, molten crystallizable phase change heat storage material in a closed container containing about 5% by weight, water or other protic solvent of said heat storage material, (2) disposing a body of volatile liquid-vapor phase change heat transfer material that is significantly admissible in said heat storage material in liquid state in direct contact with said molten heat storage material, (3) crystallizing portions of said heat storage material to release heat of crystallization for vaporizing portions of said body of heat transfer material, (4) maintaining the vapor pressure of heat transfer material in said container sufficiently high to retain portions of said heat transfer material in liquid state in contact with said body of heat storage material and (5) recovering latent and sensible heat by condensing vaporized heat transfer material, said heat transfer material having a boiling point of the vapor pressure in said container during heat recovery not higher than the crystallization temperature of said heat storage material.
A latent and sensible heat storage and transfer system comprising a container, sodium acetate trihydrate, 4.8% water in excess of the water of crystallization of said sodium acetate trihydrate, a body of volatile liquid CCl.sub.3 F heat transfer material in direct contact with said heat storage material for evaporation by sensible heat and by latent heat given up in crystallization from molten state of heat storage material to deliver heat from the system, a condenser/heat exchanger for taking up heat of condensation from vapors of said heat transfer liquid and means for heating and melting said heat storage material, said heat transfer material having a boiling point not higher than the crystallization temperature of said heat storage material at the vapor pressure in said container during delivery of heat.
A latent and sensible heat storage and transfer system comprising a container, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, 5% water in excess of the water of crystallization of said sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, a body of volatile liquid (CClF.sub.2).sub.2 heat transfer material in direct contact with said heat storage material for evaporation by sensible heat and by latent heat given up in crystallization from molten state of heat storage material to deliver heat from the system, a condenser/heat exchanger for taking up heat of condensation from vapors of said heat transfer liquid and means for heating and melting said heat storage material, said heat transfer material having a boiling point not higher than the crystallization temperature of said heat storage material at the vapor pressure in said container during delivery of heat.
A latent and sensible heat storage and transfer system comprising a container, MgCl.sub.2.6H.sub.2 O--Mg(NO.sub.3).sub.2.6H.sub.2 O, 4% water in excess of the water of crystallization of said MgCl.sub.2.6H.sub.2 O--Mg(NO.sub.3).sub.2.6H.sub.2 O, a body of volatile liquid heat transfer material CHCl.sub.2 F in direct contact with said heat storage material for evaporation by sensible heat and by latent heat given up in crystallization from molten state of heat storage material to deliver heat from the system, a condenser/heat exchanger for taking up heat of condensation from vapors of said heat storage material, said heat transfer material having a boiling point not higher than the crystallization temperature of said heat storage material at the vapor pressure in said container during delivery of heat.
A latent and sensible heat storage and transfer system comprising a container, water, and 5.5% by weight diethylene glycol, a body of volatile liquid heat transfer material 1,1,1-chlorodifluoroethene in direct contact with said heat storage material for evaporation by sensible heat and by latent heat given up in crystallization from molten state of heat storage material to deliver heat from the system, a condenser/heat exchanger for taking up heat of condensation from vapors of said heat transfer liquid and means for heating and melting said heat storage material, said heat transfer material having a boiling point not higher than the crystallization temperature of said heat storage material at the vapor pressure in said container during delivery of heat.
A latent and sensible heat storage and transfer system comprising a container, NH.sub.4 Cl.Na.sub.2 SO.sub.4.10H.sub.2 O, 4% water in excess of the water of crystallization of said NH.sub.4 Cl.Na.sub.2 SO.sub.4.10H.sub.2 O, a body of volatile liquid (CClF.sub.2).sub.2 heat transfer material in direct contact with said heat storage material for evaporation by sensible heat and by latent heat given up in crystallization from molten state of heat storage material to deliver heat from the system, a condenser/heat exchanger for taking up heat of condensation from vapors of said heat transfer liquid and means for heating and melting said heat storage material, said heat transfer material having a boiling point not higher than the crystallization temperature of said heat storage material at the vapor pressure in said container during delivery of heat.
A latent and sensible heat storage and transfer system comprising a container, water, a body of volatile liquid heat transfer material, CCl.sub.3 F, in direct contact and partially soluble in said heat storage material for evaporation by sensible heat and by latent heat given up in crystallization from molten state of heat storage material to deliver heat from said system, a condenser/heat exchanger for taking up heat of condensation from vapors of said heat transfer liquid and means for heating and melting said heat storage material, said heat transfer material having a boiling point not higher than the crystallization temperature of said heat storage material at the vapor pressure in said container during delivery of heat.
A latent and sensible heat storage and transfer system comprising a container, water, a body of volatile liquid heat transfer material, CHCl.sub.2 F, in direct contact and partially soluble in said heat storage material for evaporation by sensible heat and by latent heat given up in crystallization from molten state of heat storage material to deliver heat from said system, a condenser/heat exchanger for taking up heat in condensation from vapors of said heat transfer liquid and means for heating and melting said heat storage material, said heat transfer material having a boiling point not higher than the crystallization temperature of said heat storage material at the vapor pressure in said container during delivery of heat.
A latent and sensible heat storage and transfer system comprising a container, water, a body of volatile liquid heat transfer material CCl.sub.2 F.sub.2 in direct contact and partially soluble in said heat storage material for evaporation by sensible heat and by latent heat given up in crystallization from molten state of heat storage material to deliver heat from said system, a condenser/heat exchanger for taking up heat of condensation from vapors of said heat transfer liquid and means for heating and melting said heat storage material, said heat transfer material having a boiling point not higher than the crystallization temperature of said heat storage material at the vapor pressure in said container during delivery of heat.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.