Multifunctional viscosity index improver
AssigneeExxon Chemical Patents Inc.
InventorsVijaya K. Varma, Esther D. Winans, Rosemary O'Halloran, Phillip W. Brewster
Life of this patent
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Abstract
Hydrocarbon polymers such as ethylene copolymers may be reacted with unsaturated nitrogen-containing monomers or unsaturated carboxylic acids in a synthetic hydrocarbon lubricating oil in the presence of a free radical initiator such as a peroxide. The copolymer grafted directly with the nitrogen-containing monomers may be utilized as an additive for oil compositions, particularly lubricating oil compositions as a V.I.-dispersant additive. The polymer reacted with carboxylic acid may be further reacted with amines or amino-alcohols to also form a multifunctional V.I.-dispersant additive.
Claims44
A process comprising solution grafting a normally solid hydrocarbon polymer of C.sub.2 to C.sub.28 olefin, said polymer having a number average molecular weight in the range of about 5,000 to 500,000 with an unsaturated material selected from the group consisting of:
- (A) ethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 to C.sub.10 carboxylic acid having 1 to 2 carboxylic acid groups or an anhydride group, and (B) nitrogen-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing 6 to 30 carbon atoms and 1 to 4 nitrogen atoms, in a synthetic hydrocarbon oil having a number average molecular weight of about 200 to 10,000.
A process comprising grafting with a free radical initiator, an amount of an oil-soluble ethylene copolymer comprising about 15 to 90 weight % ethylene and about 10 to 85 weight % of C.sub.3 to C.sub.28 alpha-olefin, said copolymer having a number average molecular weight within the range of about 5,000 to 500,000 with an unsaturated material selected from the group consisting of:
- (A) ethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 to C.sub.10 carboxylic acid having 1 to 2 carboxylic acid groups or an anhydride group, and (B) nitrogen-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing 6 to 30 carbon atoms and 1 to 4 nitrogen atoms, dissolved in a major amount of a synthetic hydrocarbon oil having a number average molecular weight of 200 to 10,000 and selected from the group consisting of alkylated benzene and polymers of C.sub.3 to C.sub.18 monounsaturated olefins.
An oil composition comprising a major amount of lubricating oil, and a V.I.-dispersant additive a minor amount of a nitrogen-containing grafted oil-soluble hydrocarbon polymer of C.sub.2 of C.sub.28 olefin having a number average molecular weight in the range of about 5,000 to 500,000 grafted with an unsaturated material selected from the group consisting of:
- (A) ethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 to C.sub.10 carboxylic acid having 1 to 2 carboxylic acid groups or an anhydride group, and (B) nitrogen-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing 6 to 30 carbon atoms and 1 to 4 nitrogen atoms, in a synthetic hydrocarbon oil having a number average molecular weight of about 200 to 10,000, and when said unsaturated material is (A) said acid being reacted with amine of 2 to 60 carbon atoms and 1 to 12 nitrogen atoms.
A lubricating oil composition comprising a major amount of lubricating oil and a V.I.-dispersant additive concentrate prepared by grafting an oil-soluble ethylene copolymer comprising about 15 to 90 weight % ethylene and about 10 to 85 weight % of C.sub.3 to C.sub.28 alpha-olefin, said copolymer having a number average molecular weight within the range of about 5,000 to 500,000 with an unsaturated material selected from the group consisting of:
- (A) ethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 to C.sub.10 carboxylic acid having 1 to 2 carboxylic acid groups or an anhydride group, and (B) nitrogen-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing 6 to 30 carbon atoms and 1 to 4 nitrogen atoms, in a synthetic hydrocarbon oil selected from the group consisting of alkylated benzene and polymers of C.sub.3 to C.sub.18 monounsaturated olefins and which has a number average molecular weight within the range of about 200 to 10,000 and when said unsaturated material is (A) further reacting the resulting graft solution with polyamine of 2 to 60 carbon atoms and 2 to 12 nitrogen atoms, and wherein the amount of said concentrate is sufficient to incorporate about 0.01 to 10 wt. % of a nitrogen-containing grafted oil soluble copolymer in said lubricating oil composition.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.