Formation of dense chlorine hydrate
AssigneeEnergy Development Associates, Inc.
InventorsHarry K. Bjorkman, Jr., Peter Carr
Life of this patent
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Abstract
A method of forming chlorine hydrate is described which generally comprises, combining liquid chlorine with an aqueous liquid, and removing the heat of hydrate formation. This method may also include the steps of mixing the liquid chlorine with the aqueous liquid, and cooling the chlorine hydrate to provide a pressure decrease. However, in accordance with the present invention, no refrigeration of the aqueous liquid is required, as the heat of formation may be released to a substantially room temperature environment.
Claims12
A method of forming chlorine hydrate, comprising the steps of:
- (a) providing a vessel capable of being sealed off from the ambient environment;
- (b) adding a quantity of an aqueous liquid to said vessel;
- (c) adding liquid chlorine into said vessel in a quantity such that a portion of the liquid chlorine evaporates until the pressure in said vessel is below 100 psig, but above those chlorine vapor pressures necessary for the formation of chlorine hydrate in the temperature range +6.degree. C. to +20.degree. C., and said pressure is maintained throughout the formation of chlorine hydrate;
- (d) sealing the vessel;
- (e) allowing the quantity of aqueous liquid to react with the remaining liquid chlorine to form chlorine hydrate;
- and
- (f) removing the heat of hydrate formation to an environment having a temperature of approximately +6.degree. C. up to a room temperature of approximately 26.degree.C.
A method of forming chloride hydrate as part of a method of charging a zinc-chloride battery contained in an electric vehicle, comprising the steps of:
- (a) providing a vessel capable of being sealed off from the ambient environment;
- (b) adding a predetermined quantity of an aqueous liquid to said vessel;
- (c) adding liquid chlorine into said vessel in a quantity such that a portion of the liquid chlorine evaporates until the pressure in said vessel is below 100 psig, but above those chlorine vapor pressures, specified in FIG. 1, necessary for the formation of chlorine hydrate in the temperature range +6.degree. C. to +20.degree. C. and said pressure is maintained throughout the formation of chlorine hydrate;
- (d) sealing the vessel;
- (e) allowing the quantity of aqueous liquid to react with the liquid chlorine to form chlorine hydrate;
- and
- (f) removing the heat of hydrate formation to a substantially ambient room temperature environment up to approximately +26.degree.C.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.