Air cooled cyclone coal combustor for optimum operation and capture of pollutants during combustion

Cyclone coal combustor apparatus comprising a generally horizontally disposed cylindrical chamber having an upstream inlet end and an exhaust end downstream of said inlet end, means at said inlet end for injecting into said combustor a fuel-air mixture, a secondary air stream, a sorbent for the removal of sulfur compounds, and coal fines, a non-sacrificial refractory liner disposed within said chamber, generally U-shaped conduit means for a gaseous coolant disposed within said chamber, and coolant conducting means in fluid communication with said conduit means whereby said coolant may be introduced into and withdrawn from said conduit means, said conduit means comprising a plurality of air-cooled metal tubes disposed around the outer periphery of said liner and providing a backing for said liner, said means whereby said coolant may be introduced into and withdrawn from said conduit means comprising inlet and outlet plenums disposed adjacent said upstream end of said chamber, said conduit means comprising tubes having first and second leg portions extending, respectively, downstream and upstream with respect to said chamber, respective first and second leg portions being interconnected by bight portions, said bight portions being disposed adjacent said downstream end of said chamber, said conduit means having their respective first leg portions in fluid communication with said inlet plenum and respective second leg portions in fluid communication with said outlet plenum, and said first and second leg portions being so arranged that first and second leg portions are adjacent to each other.

Cyclone coal combustor apparatus comprising a generally horizontally disposed cylindrical chamber and a non-sacrificial refractory liner disposed within said chamber, air cooling means disposed within said chamber and at least partly embedded within said liner, said air cooling means comprising a plurality of generally U-shaped tubes having first and second leg portions interconnected by bight portions, said leg portions extending generally axially with respect to said chamber and comprising respective supply and return legs, said tubes being so arranged that a supply leg of one tube lies adjacent a return leg of another tube and said tubes form a generally cylindrical enclosure for said liner, stud members affixed to said supply legs of said tubes and extending into said liner, whereby said studs provide a heat transfer medium and anchor means between said tubes and said liner, first coolant conducting means in fluid communication with said supply legs of said tubes, and second coolant conducting means in fluid communication with said return legs of said tubes, whereby coolant may be introduced into and withdrawn from said tubes, said chamber having an inlet end and an exhaust end, said coolant conducting means in fluid communication with said supply and said return legs being disposed adjacent said inlet end, and said bight portions of said tubes being disposed adjacent to said outlet end, said chamber having an end wall at said inlet end, means in said end wall for introducing into said chamber a coal-air mixture, a pulverized sorbent for sulfur compounds in the fuel, and a stream of secondary air, said means for introducing into said chamber a stream of secondary air comprising an annulus in said end wall and in fluid communication with said second coolant conducting means, said means for injecting into said chamber the fuel-air mixture and the sorbent being disposed radially inwardly with respect to said annulus, whereby helical flow of the secondary air causes solids within said shell to impinge upon said liner.