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US 4,600,761 AGranted
Acrylic emulsion copolymers for thickening aqueous systems and copolymerizable surfactant monomers for use therein
AssigneeAlco Chemical Corporation
InventorsCharles G. Ruffner, John M. Wilkerson, III
Life of this patent
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Abstract
Acrylic emulsion copolymers are prepared by emulsion polymerization of (A) a surfactant monomer, (B) an .alpha., .beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer, (C) a nonionic .alpha., .beta.-ethylenically unsaturated monomer and (D) optionally a polyethylenically unsaturated cross-linking monomer. The surfactant monomer is prepared by condensing a polyhydric alcohol or primary amine-containing nonionic surfactant with a monoethylenically unsaturated monoisocyanate. At a low pH the copolymer may be in the form of an aqueous dispersion or latex, but thickens upon neutralization of at least some of the carboxyl groups.
Claims26
A copolymer obtained by aqueous emulsion copolymerization of a monomer system comprising
- (A) about 1 to about 25 percent of at least one nonionic urethane monomer which is the urethane reaction product of a monoethylenically unsaturated monoisocyanate with a nonionic surfactant of the formula:
- ##STR15## in which x is an integer of from 1 to 150 and y is an integer of from 0 to 40 when R a sorbitan fatty ester of the formula ##STR16## where each of p, q, r and s is an integer and the sum of said integers is from 0 to 100, R.sub.1 is H or --COR.sub.2 and R.sub.2 is alkyl, alkylphenyl, or dialkylphenyl 5 to 30 carbon atoms;
- or x and y are each integers of from 0 to 40 when R is --NH(CH.sub.2).sub.3 O--R.sub.3, or ##STR17## where R.sub.2 is H or R.sub.3, and R.sub.3 is alkyl, alkylphenyl, or dialkylphenyl of from 5 to 30 carbon atoms;
- (B) about 5 to about 70 percent of a copolymerizable .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer of the formula ##STR18## where R is H and R.sub.1 is H, an alkyl group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or --CH.sub.2 COOX;
- R is --COOX and R.sub.1 is H, and X is H or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms,
- (C) about 10 to to about 90 percent of at least one nonionic, copolymerizable .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated monomer of the formula
- CH.sub.2 .dbd.CYZ
- where Y is H and Z is CN, Cl, --COOR, C.sub.6 H.sub.4 R, ##STR19## or --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 ;
- Y and Z are Cl, and Y is CH.sub.3 and Z is CN, ##STR20## --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2, --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 R, or --COOR.sub.1, and R is H, Cl, Br or alkyl containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms;
- R.sub.1 is alkyl containing from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or hydroxyalkyl containing from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and R.sub.2 is alkyl containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms;
- and
- (D) up to 1 percent of a copolymerizable polyethylenically unsaturated cross-linking monomer, said percentages being by weight, based on the total weight of said monomers.
9 more elements
A copolymer obtained by aqueous emulsion copolymerization of a monomer system comprising
- (A) about 1 to about 25 percent of at least one substituted carbonyl amino alkyl acrylate monomer of the formula:
- ##STR21## in which A is an alkylene group of the formula (CH.sub.2).sub.n where n is an integer of from 2 to 20;
- Z is CH.sub.2 .dbd.CH--, CH.sub.2 .dbd.C(CH.sub.3)--, CH.sub.2 .dbd.C(Cl)--, CH.sub.3 CH.dbd.CH--, or ##STR22## x is an integer of from 1 to 150 and y is an integer of from 0 to 40 when R a sorbitan fatty ester of the formula ##STR23## where each of p, q, r and s is an integer and the sum of said integers is from 0 to 100, R.sub.1 is H or --COR.sub.2 and R.sub.2 is alkyl, alkylphenyl, or dialkylphenyl having 5 to 30 carbon atoms;
- or x and y are each integers of from 0 to 40 when R is --NH(CH.sub.2).sub.3 O--R.sub.3, or ##STR24## where R.sub.2 is H or R.sub.3, and R.sub.3 is alkyl, alkylphenyl, or dialkylphenyl of from 5 to 30 carbon atoms;
- (B) about 5 to about 70 percent of a copolymerizable .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer of the formula ##STR25## where R is H and R.sub.1 is H, an alkyl group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or --CH.sub.2 COOX;
- R is --COOX and R.sub.1 is H, and X is H or an alkyy group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms,
- (C) about 10 to to about 90 percent of at least one nonionic, copolymerizable .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated monomer of the formula
- CH.sub.2 .dbd.CYZ
- where Y is H and Z is CN, Cl, --COOR, --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 R, ##STR26## or --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 ;
- Y and Z are Cl, and Y is CH.sub.3 and Z is CN, ##STR27## --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2, --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 R, or --COOR.sub.1, and R is H, Cl, Br or alkyl containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms;
- R.sub.1 is alkyl containing from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or hydroxyalkyl containing from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and R.sub.2 is alkyl containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms;
- and
- (D) up to 1 percent of a copolymerizable polyethylenically unsaturated cross-linking monomer, said percentages being by weight, based on the total weight of said monomers.
10 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.