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AssigneeIntevep, S.A.
InventorsJulio H. Krasuk, Fernando J. Silva, Roberto E. Galiasso, Alfredo Souto
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A process for upgrading feedstocks containing not less than about 200 ppm metals, an API gravity of less than about 20.degree., a Conradson Carbon of more than about 8%, by hydroconversion with hydrogen in the presence of a naturally occurring inorganic material as a catalyst. The invention further provides, inter alia, subsequently fractionating the hydroconverted product and solvent deasphalting the distillation bottoms and optionally hydrodesulfurizing atmospheric distillates and the mix of vacuum gas oils and deasphalted oils separately. When a heavy crude of 12.degree. API, 10% Conradson Carbon, 3.2% sulfur and 350 ppm metals is fed to this process, more than 90% (v/v) of a synthetic crude of 25.degree.API, 0.17% sulfur and only 13.8% (v/v) 950.degree. F.+ fraction may be obtained.
The process for hydroconverting a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock containing at least 200 ppm metals, having less than 20% API gravity and more than 8% Conradson carbon, which comprises contacting said feedstock in a hydroconversion reaction zone with hydrogen in the presence of a natural inorganic material as a catalyst, said inorganic material being selected from the group consisting of (1) iron laterite having a chemical formula consisting essentially of ((.gamma.FeOOH . (1-.gamma.) Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 . nH.sub.2 O .alpha.AlO(OH)) (SiO.sub.2).sub.x (FeTiO.sub.3).sub.y (TiO.sub.2).sub.z with .gamma. much greater than (1-.gamma.)) with a Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 content of greater than or equal to 45.0 wt.%, (2) limonite having a chemical formula consisting essentially of ((.gamma.Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 . nH.sub.2 O) (1-.gamma.) Fe.sub.3 (PO.sub.4).sub.2.8H.sub.2 O .alpha.Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.nH.sub.2 O (SiO.sub.2).sub.x with .gamma. much greater than (1-.gamma.)) with an Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 content of greater than or equal to 45.0 wt.%, and (3) mixtures thereof.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.