Falling film heat exchanger with film forming members

A falling film heat exchanger comprising:

• a shell connected to vertically spaced apart horizontally arranged circular upper and lower tube sheets;
• a plurality of vertically positioned parallel circular cylindrical tubes, with each tube extending through and connected to a hole in each tube sheet;
• means to feed a heat exchange fluid to the shell side of the heat exchanger and means to withdraw the heat exchange fluid from the shell side of the heat exchanger;
• on the upper end of each tube, a cap comprising a cap body having a cap central axis coincident to a central axis of each tube;
• the cap body including a central shell portion concave in an axial direction when viewed from the top of the cap;
• the cap body being solid material except for a plurality of spaced apart holes extending through said cap body central shell portion in a radially downward direction and with the holes providing the only access to the tube interior;
• said holes having wall surfaces extending for the full thickness of the cap body where they extend through the cap solid material so that liquid is supplied, in full liquid flow through the holes, directly from the distribution box to the tube internal wall as a multiplicity of discrete liquid streams which are shaped, formed and aimed only by the holes in the cap body.