Graphite intercalation compounds
AssigneeIntercal Company
InventorF. Lincoln Vogel
Life of this patent
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Abstract
An electrically conductive composition is disclosed which comprises a graphite intercalation compound of graphite, a Bronsted acid such as hydrogen fluoride, chloride, or bromide, nitric, nitrous, sulfuric or perchloric acid, and a metal halide selected from boron trihalide, a pentahalide of a metal from Group V of the Periodic Table, a tetrahalide of a metal from Group IV of the Periodic Table and mixtures thereof.
Claims17
A process for preparing a conductor for transmission of electricity, which comprises reacting graphite with a Bronsted acid selected from hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, nitric acid, nitrous acid, sulfuric acid or perchloric acid and an electron acceptor metal halide selected from a boron trihalide, a pentahalide of a Group V A or B metal, a tetrahalide of a Group IV A or B metal, or mixtures thereof wherein the molar ratio of the Bronsted acid to metal halide ranges from about 0.01:1 to about 100:1, the reaction is conducted under a substantially moisture free, inert atmosphere, at a temperature of at least about 10.degree. C. and the Bronsted acid and metal halide or boron trihalide are in a liquid or gas phase, said reaction producing a graphite intercalation compound;
- and shaping said graphite intercalation compound into a form adapted for the conduction of electricity.
A process for preparing a conductor for transmission of electricity which comprises reacting graphite with hydrogen fluoride and an electron acceptor metal halide selected from a boron trihalide, a pentahalide of a group V A or B metal, a tetrahalide of a Group IV A or B metal, or mixtures thereof, wherein the molar ratio of the hydrogen fluoride to metal halide ranges from about 0.01:1 to about 100:1, the reaction is conducted under a substantially moisture free, inert atmosphere, at a temperature of at least about 10.degree. C. and the metal halide is in liquid or gas phase, said reactor producing a graphite intercalation compound;
- and shaping said graphite intercalation compound into a form adapted for the conduction of electricity.
A process for preparing a conductor for transmission of electricity which comprises reacting graphite with an acid halide system comprised of a Bronsted acid selected from hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, nitric acid, nitrous acid, sulfuric acid or perchloric acid;
- and an electron acceptor metal halide selected from boron trihalide, a pentahalide of a Group V A or B metal, a tetrahalide of a Group IV A or metal, or mixtures thereof wherein the molar ratio of the Bronsted acid to metal halide ranges from about 0.01:1 to about 100:1, the reaction is conducted under a substantially moisture free, inert atmosphere, at a temperature of at least about 10.degree. C. and the Bronsted acid and metal halide are in a liquid or gas phase.
A process for conducting electricity comprising:
- providing an electrically conductive material, said material comprising:
- (a) graphite;
- (b) an acid halide system, said system being comprised of:
- (i) a Bronsted acid selected from hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, nitric acid, nitrous acid, sulfuric acid or perchloric acid;
- and
- (ii) an electron acceptor metal halide selected from boron trihalide, a tetrahalide of a Group IV A or B metal, a pentahalide of a Group V A or B metal, or a mixture thereof;
- the molar ratio of the Bronsted acid to the metal halide being from about 0.01:1 to about 100:1;
- and
- connecting said material between an electrical source and a point of electrical use.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.