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AssigneeE. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company
InventorsWalther G. Grot, Charles J. Molnar, Paul R. Resnick
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Fluorinated ion exchange polymers which have pendant side chains which contain --OCF.sub.2 COOR groups, or which have both pendant side chains containing carboxylic groups and pendant side chains which contain sulfonyl groups, when used in the form of membranes to separate the anode and cathode compartments of an electrolysis cell, permit operation at high current efficiency. Those containing both carboxylic and sulfonyl groups can be made by oxidation of fluorinated polymers which have pendant side chains containing sulfinic groups, or both sulfinic and sulfonyl groups. The fluorinated polymers which have pendant side chains containing sulfinic groups, or both sulfinic and sulfonyl groups, are in turn made from fluorinated polymers which have pendant side chains containing sulfonyl halide groups by reduction with, for example, hydrazine. Those polymers which have only pendant side chains which contain --OCF.sub.2 COOR groups can be made by copolymerization of a mixture of monomers, one of which is a vinyl monomer which contains the indicated carboxylic group. Fluorinated ion exchange polymers which have pendant side chains containing --OCF.sub.2 COOR groups and also pendant side chains which contain sulfonyl groups can also be made by copolymerization of a mixture of monomers, one of which is a vinyl monomer which contains the indicated carboxylic group; and also by treatment of a polymer which contains --OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 SO.sub.3 H or salts thereof with a combination of fluorine and oxygen.
A process which comprises contacting a first fluorinated polymer which contains pendant side chains containing ##STR76## groups, wherein R.sub.f is F, Cl or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 perfluoroalkyl radical, M is H, an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, ammonium, substituted ammonium including quaternary ammonium, or hydrazinium including substituted hydrazinium, and n is the valence of M, with suitable oxidizing agent capable of introducing into the infrared spectrum of the resulting polymer absorption bands at about 1785 cm.sup.-1 or about 1680 cm.sup.31 1, and separating therefrom a second fluorinated polymer which contains pendant side chains containing ##STR77## groups.
A process which comprises contacting a fluorinated compound containing a ##STR89## group wherein R is F, Cl or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 perfluoroalkyl radical, M is H, an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, and n is the valence of M, with a suitable oxidizing agent capable of introducing into the infrared spectrum of the resulting compound absorption bands at about 1785 cm.sup.-1 or about 1680 cm.sup.-1, and separating therefrom a second fluorinated compound containing a ##STR90## group.
A fluorinated polymer which contains pendant side chains containing ##STR92## groups, wherein R is F, Cl or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 perfluoroalkyl radical, M is H, an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, ammonium, substituted ammonium including quaternary ammonium, or hydrazinium including substituted hydrazinium, and n is the valence of M.
A polymer having the repeating units ##STR95## wherein m is 0, 1 or 2,
Process for making a fluorinated polymer which contains pendant side chains containing ##STR97## and/or ##STR98## groups which comprises contacting a fluorinated polymer which contains pendant side chains containing ##STR99## groups wherein R.sup.2 is ##STR100## M is H, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, and n is the valence of M, with a mixture of fluorine and oxygen.
Process for making a polymer having the repeating units ##STR103## wherein m is 0, 1 or 2,
An electrolytic cell comprising a housing with separate anode and cathode sections, said sections separated by a film or membrane of a fluorinated ion exchange polymer having the repeating units ##STR108## wherein m is 0, 1, or 2,
An electrolytic cell comprising a housing with separate anode and cathode sections, said sections separated by a laminar structure having a base layer of a fluorinated ion exchange polymer, and having on at least one surface thereof a layer of a polymer having the repeating units ##STR109## wherein m is 0, 1, or 2,
In a process of production of halogen and metal hydroxide of an alkali metal, by electrolysis of a halide of said metal employing separate anode and cathode sections in an electrolytic cell, the improvement comprising passing ions of said metal through a film or membrane of a fluorinated ion exchange polymer having the repeating units ##STR110## wherein m is 0, 1, or 2,
In a process of production of halogen and metal hydroxide of an alkali metal, by electrolysis of a halide of said metal employing separate anode and cathode sections in an electrolytic cell, the improvement comprising passing ions of said metal through a laminar structure having a base layer of a fluorinated ion exchange polymer, and having on at least one surface thereof a layer of a polymer having the repeating units ##STR111## wherein m is 0, 1, or 2,
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.