A dihydropyridine of the formula ##STR31## in which R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, a straight-chain, cyclic or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 10 C atoms, a carboxylic acid alkyl ester with an alkyl radical of 1 to 10 C atoms, an aromatic or a heteroaromatic radical which is optionally substituted one to 5 identical or different substituents from the group comprising halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkylthio, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkylsulphinyl, cyano, hydroxyl, nitro, mono- or poly-fluoroalkyl with 1 to 5 C atoms, mono- or polyfluoroalkoxy with 1 to 5 C atoms, mono- or polyfluoroalkylthio with 1 to 5 C atoms, amino, monoalkylamino with 1 to 5 C atoms and dialkylamino with in each case 1 to 5 C atoms,
- R.sup.2 represents one to 3 halogen atoms or hydrogen,
- R.sup.4 represents a straight-chain, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 20 C atoms, which is optionally substituted by alkoxy with 1 to 10 C atoms, alkylthio with 1 to 10 C atoms, alkylsulphinyl with 1 to 10 C atoms, trialkylsilyl with in each case 1 to 6 C atoms, halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, amino, alkylamino with 1 to 6 C atoms, dialkylamino with in each case 1 to 6 C atoms, morpholinyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, nitro, nitrate, aryl or heteroaryl, which can optionally be substituted by 1 to 3 identical or different substituents from the group comprising halogen, alkyl with 1 to 6 C atoms, alkoxy with 1 to 6 C atoms, alkylthio with 1 to 6 C atoms, alkylsulphinyl with 1 to 6 C atoms, alkylsulphonyl with 1 to 6 C atoms, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, alkylamino with 1 to 6 C atoms, dialkylamino with in each case 1 to 6 C atoms, mono- or poly-fluoroalkyl with 1 to 6 C atoms and mono- or poly-fluoroalkoxy with 1 to 6 C atoms,
- R.sup.5 and R.sup.7 can be idential or different and represents hydrogen or a straight-chain, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic alkyl radical with 1 to 10 C atoms, which optionally contains one or two identical or different hetero chain members from the group comprising O, CO, NH, N-alkyl with 1 to 8 C atoms, S and SO.sub.2, and is optionally substituted by halogen, nitro, cyano, azido, hydroxyl, aryl, heteroaryl, amino or monoalkylamino or dialkylamino with in each case 1 to 6 C atoms,
- R.sup.6 represents hydrogen or a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical with 1 to 20 C atoms, which is optionally substituted by alkoxy with 1 to 10 C atoms, halogen or morpholino,
- R.sup.8 represents hydrogen, nitro, cyano, halogen, alkyl with 1 to 4 C atoms, mono- or poly-fluoroalkyl with 1 to 4 C atoms or hydroxycarbonyl,
- A represents a direct bond, an alkylene chain with 1 to 20 C atoms or an alkenylene chain with 2 to 20 atoms, the chains being optionally interrupted by O or S,
- X represents O or S and
- Y represents a direct bond, O, S, --NH-- or --N-- alkyl with 1 to 8 C atoms, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.