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US 4,540,551 AGranted
Two stage chlorination of titaniferous ore with FeCl.sub.3 reclamation
AssigneeSCM Corporation
InventorsJames P. Bonsack, Semyon D. Fridman
Life of this patent
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Abstract
There is provided a multi stage process for nonselectively chlorinating a titaniferous ore containing iron to produce TiCl.sub.4. In this process a portion of the ore charge is subjected to conventional fluid bed chlorination to produce TiCl.sub.4 and FeCl.sub.2. A second portion is subdivided and submitted to chlorination in a dilute phase chlorination step using FeCl.sub.3 as the chlorinating agent to produce additional TiCl.sub.4. The FeCl.sub.3 is obtained by partial oxidation of the FeCl.sub.2 obtained in the first stage and/or second stage to yield Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 and FeCl.sub.3. The product streams of TiCl.sub.4 are then combined for further treatment.
Claims13
A process for making TiCl.sub.4 from an iron containing titaniferous ore comprising:
- (a) nonselectively chlorinating 60% to 90% of said ore in the presence of carbon with chlorine in a conventional fluid bed chlorinator under conventional fluid bed chlorination conditions at a temperature of from 800.degree. to 1100.degree. C. to yield a primary gaseous stream containing TiCl.sub.4, carbon oxides, and either FeCl.sub.2 or FeCl.sub.3, or a mixture thereof;
- (b) cooling the primary gaseous stream from (a) above to a temperature below 325.degree. C. sufficient to separate iron chloride(s) as a solid from the product TiCl.sub.4 -containing primary gaseous stream while maintaining the TiCl.sub.4 in the vapor state;
- (c) nonselectively chlorinating the remaining 10% to 40% of the ore at a temperature of from 900.degree. to 1400.degree. C. in the presence of carbon with ferric chloride vapor from step (h) below, under entrained flow chlorination conditions to yield a secondary gaseous stream of product TiCl.sub.4, carbon oxides, and ferrous chloride;
- (d) cooling the secondary gaseous stream from (c) above to a temperature below 675.degree. C. sufficient to separate ferrous chloride as a solid from the product TiCl.sub.4 -containing secondary gaseous stream while maintaining the TiCl.sub.4 in the vapor state;
- (e) combining any ferrous chloride with or without ferric chloride obtained in step (b) with ferrous chloride obtained from step (d);
- (f) converting solid ferrous chloride from step (e) above by partial oxidation with molecular oxygen at a temperature of 325.degree. C. to 675.degree. C. to Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 and FeCl.sub.3 vapor and vaporizing any solid FeCl.sub.3 from step (b) above if present;
- (g) separating the FeCl.sub.3 vapor from said Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 ;
- (h) returing FeCl.sub.3 obtained in step (g) together with any FeCl.sub.2 -free iron chloride obtained in step (b) to step (c) above;
- and
- (i) combining the product TiCl.sub.4 from the primary and secondary gaseous streams.
7 more elements
A process for making TiCl.sub.4 from an iron-containing titaniferous ore comprising:
- (a) nonselectively chlorinating 60% to 90% of said ore in the presence of carbon with chlorine in a conventional fluid bed chlorinator and under conventional fluid bed chlorination conditions at a temperature of from 800.degree. C. to 1100.degree. C. to yield a primary gaseous stream of product TiCl.sub.4, carbon oxides, and ferrous chloride;
- (b) cooling the primary gaseous stream from (a) above to a temperature below 675.degree. C. sufficient to separate ferrous chloride as a solid from the product TiCl.sub.4 -containing gaseous stream while maintaining the TiCl.sub.4 in the vapor state;
- (c) converting solid ferrous chloride from (b) above by partial oxidation with molecular oxygen at a temperature of 325.degree. C. to 675.degree. C. to Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 and ferric chloride vapor;
- (d) separating said ferric chloride vapor from said Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 ;
- (e) nonselectively chlorinating the remaining 10% to 40% of the ore at 900.degree. to 1400.degree. C., in the presence of ferric chloride derived at least in part from step (c) above under entrained flow chlorination conditions to yield a secondary gaseous stream of product TiCl.sub.4, carbon oxides and ferrous chloride;
- (f) cooling the secondary gaseous stream from (e) above to a temperature below 675.degree. C. sufficient to separate ferrous chloride from said TiCl.sub.4 -containing secondary gaseous stream while maintaining the TiCl.sub.4 in the vapor state;
- (g) returning said solid ferrous chloride derived from step (f) to said partial oxidation step (c) for conversion to ferric chloride;
- and
- (h) combining the product TiCl.sub.4 from said primary and secondary gaseous streams.
6 more elements
A process for making TiCl.sub.4 from an iron-containing titaniferous ore comprising:
- (a) nonselectively chlorinating 60% to 90% of said ore in the presence of carbon with chlorine in a conventional fluid bed chlorinator and under conventional fluid chlorination conditions at a temperature of from 800.degree. C. to 1100.degree. C. to yield a primary gaseous stream of product TiCl.sub.4, carbon oxides and ferric chloride;
- (b) cooling the primary gaseous stream from (a) above to a temperature below 325.degree. C. sufficient to separate ferric chloride as a solid from the product TiCl.sub.4 -containing primary gaseous stream while maintaining the TiCl.sub.4 in the vapor state;
- (c) nonselectively chlorinating the remaining 10% to 40% of the ore at 900.degree. to 1400.degree. C., in the presence of carbon with ferric chloride from step (b) above and step (g) below under entrained flow chlorination conditions to yield a secondary gaseous stream of product TiCl.sub.4, carbon oxides and ferrous chloride;
- (d) cooling the secondary gaseous stream from (c) above to a temperature below 675.degree. C. sufficient to separate ferrous chloride from said TiCl.sub.4 -containing secondary gaseous stream while maintaining the TiCl.sub.4 in the vapor state;
- (e) converting solid ferrous chloride from step (d) above with molecular oxygen to Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 and ferric chloride vapor;
- (f) separating the ferric chloride vapor from the Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 ;
- (g) returning the ferric chloride vapor from step (f) to step (c) above;
- and
- (h) combining the product TiCl.sub.4 from the primary and secondary gaseous streams.
6 more elements
A process for making TiCl.sub.4 from an iron-containing titaniferous ore comprising:
- (a) nonselectively chlorinating 60% to 90% of said ore in the presence of carbon with chlorine in a conventional fluid bed chlorinator and under conventional fluid bed chlorination conditions at a temperature of from 800.degree. C. to 1100.degree. C. to yield a primary gaseous stream of product TiCl.sub.4, carbon oxides, and a mixture of ferrous and ferric chlorides;
- (b) cooling the primary gaseous stream from (a) above to a temperature below 325.degree. C. sufficient to separate ferric chloride and ferrous chloride as a solid from the TiCl.sub.4 -containing primary gaseous stream while maintaining the TiCl.sub.4 in the vapor state;
- (c) nonselectively chlorinating the remaining 10% to 40% of the ore at 900.degree. to 1400.degree. C. in the presence of carbon with ferric chloride under entrained flow chlorination conditions to yield a secondary gaseous stream of product TiCl.sub.4, carbon oxides and ferrous chloride;
- (d) cooling the secondary gaseous stream from (c) above to a temperature below 675.degree. C. sufficient to separate ferrous chloride as a solid from the product TiCl.sub.4 -containing secondary gaseous stream while maintaining the TiCl.sub.4 in the vapor state;
- (e) combining said solid ferrous chloride and ferric chloride from step (b) with solid ferrous chloride from step (d);
- (f) converting the solid ferrous chloride from step (e) by partial oxidation with molecular oxygen at a temperature of 325.degree. C. to 675.degree. C. to Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 and FeCl.sub.3 vapor and vaporizing the solid FeCl.sub.3 from step (b) above;
- (g) separating the FeCl.sub.3 vapor from said Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 ;
- (h) returning the FeCl.sub.3 vapor from step (g) to step (c);
- and
- (i) combining the product TiCl.sub.4 from the primary and secondary gaseous streams.
7 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.