Method of combatting coronary and vascular diseases

A method for augmenting contractility of the heart or for the treatment of hypotonic circulatory conditions, for the depression of the blood sugar, for decreasing the swelling of mucous membranes or for influencing the salt and fluid balance, in human and non-human animals, which comprises administering to the animals an effective amoung of a 1,4-dihydropyridine which exhibits positive inotropic activity and is of the formula ##STR129## in the form of an individual isomer, an isomer mixture, a racemate or an optical antipode, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in which

• n is 0, 1 or 2,
• R.sup.1
• (a) represents a hydrogen atom, a straight-chain, branched, cyclic, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical which has up to 10 carbon atoms and optionally contains 1 or 2 identical or different hetero chain members selected from O, CO, S, SO.sub.2, .dbd.N-- or NR.sup.I, this hydrocarbon radical being optionally substituted by halogen, NO.sub.2, CN, N.sub.3, hydroxyl, phenyl, naphthyl or heteroaryl, or
• (b) represents a phenyl, naphthyl or heteroaryl radical, these radicals optionally carrying 1 to 3 identical or different substituents selected from phenyl;
• alkyl, alkenyl, alkinyl, alkenoxy, and alkinoxy, each having up to 4 carbon atoms;
• aralkyl having 7 to 14 carbon atoms;
• acyl having up to 6 carbon atoms;
• alkylene;
• dioxyalkylene having up to 4 carbon atoms in the alkylene chain;
• halogen;
• CF.sub.3 ;
• OCF.sub.3, SCF.sub.3 ;
• NO.sub.2 ;
• CN;
• N.sub.3 ;
• COR.sup.IV ;
• COOR.sup.V ;
• OR.sup.VI ;
• NR.sup.I and NR.sup.VII R.sup.VIII ;
• and it being possible for the alkyl, alkoxy and aryl radicals of the above-mentioned substituents to be substituted in turn by halogen, COOR.sup.V or NR.sup.VII R.sup.VIII, or
• (c) represents a radical of the formula NR.sup.VII R.sup.I, (the radicals R.sup.I, R.sup.II, R.sup.IV, R.sup.V, R.sup.VI, R.sup.VII and R.sup.VIII mentioned under (a), (b) and (c), immediately above having the meanings given below), R.sup.2
• (a), independently of R.sup.1, has any of these meanings given immediately above for R.sup.1, or
• (b) represents a radical of the formula NHR.sup.I or ##STR130## (R.sup.I, R.sup.IX and R.sup.X having the meanings give below), or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together form a 5-membered to 7-membered saturated or unsaturated ring which optionally contains one or two identical or different ring members selected from O, S, NR.sup.I and CO, and which optionally contains one to three identical or different substituents selected from halogen;
• hydroxyl;
• alkyl and alkoxy, each having 1 to 4 carbon atoms;
• phenyl;
• naphthyl;
• and aralkyl having 7 to 14 carbon atoms,
• R.sup.3, independently of R.sup.2 has any of those meanings given immediately above for R.sup.2, with the proviso that only one of the substituents R.sup.2 or R.sup.3 can represent alkoxy, alkylthio or NHR.sup.I in each instance,
• R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are identical or different and each
• (a) represents a hydrogen atom, NO.sub.2, NO, CN, SO.sub.m --R.sup.IX (in which m is 0 or 2), a halogen atom, ##STR131## (wherein R.sup.I, R.sup.VI, R.sup.VII, R.sup.VIII, R.sup.IX R.sup.XII and R.sup.XIII have the meanings given below), or
• (b) represents a branched or unbranched cyclic, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical which has up to 10 carbon atoms and is optionally substituted by halogen, OH, CN, alkoxy and alkylthio, each having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, phenyloxy, naphthoxy, COOR.sup.V or ##STR132## (wherein R.sup.V, R.sup.VII and R.sup.VIII have the meanings given below), or
• (c) represents an aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, or a 5-membered to 7-membered saturated or unsaturated hetero ring having 1 to 3 identical or different hetero members selected from O, S, --N.dbd., NR.sup.I (R.sup.I having the meaning given below), and this hetero ring is linked to the dihydropyridine ring either via a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom, and the aromatic hydrocarbon radical and hetero rings optionally carry 1 to 3 identical or different substituents selected from halogen;
• OH;
• CN;
• CF.sub.3 ;
• OCF.sub.3, SCF.sub.3 ;
• NO.sub.2 ;
• alkyl and alkoxy, each having 1 to 4 carbon atoms;
• phenyl;
• naphthyl;
• and ##STR133## (R.sup.VII and R.sup.VIII having the meanings given below), (d) represents a radical of the general formula ##STR134## wherein X denotes oxygen, sulphur or NR.sup.I, and Y represents a single bond, O, S or NR.sup.I (R.sup.I having the meaning given below), and R.sup.8 independently of R.sup.1, has any of those meanings given immediately above for R.sup.1, or
• (e) represents a radical of the formula. ##STR135## wherein n', R.sup.1', R.sup.2', R.sup.3', R.sup.5', R.sup.6' and R.sup.7', independently of n, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, and R.sup.7, have any of those meanings respectively given immediately above for n, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, and R.sup.7, and
• R.sup.4* and R.sup.4** are identical or different and each represents a radical, minus a hydrogen, of the substituents given immediately above for R.sup.4 under (a) to (d), or each pair of, R.sup.2 and R.sup.4, and/or R.sup.3 and R.sup.5, independently together form a branched, straight-chain, saturated or unsaturated 5-membered to 7-membered ring which optionally contains 1, 2 or 3 identical or different ring members selected from O, CO, CS, C.dbd.NR.sup.I, .dbd.N--, NR.sup.I and SO.sub.m (in which m is 0 or 2), and which is optionally substituted by halogen, hydroxyl, alkoxy having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, phenyl, naphthyl, aralkyl having 7 to 14 carbon atoms, ##STR136## or is disubstituted by a straight-chain or branched alkylene chain having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, it also being possible for this common ring of R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 to be directly fused with the common ring of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, (the radicals R.sup.I, R.sup.II, R.sup.III, R.sup.VII and R.sup.VIII having the meanings give below),
• R.sup.6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl or halogenoalkyl radical each having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R.sup.7
• (a) represents a saturated, unsaturated cyclic, straight-chain or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical which has up to 10 carbon atoms and is optionally substituted by halogen, phenyl, naphthyl or heteroaryl, or
• (b) represents a phenyl, naphthyl or heteroaryl radical which optionally contains 1 to 3 identical or different substituents selected from NO.sub.2 ;
• halogen;
• CN;
• N.sub.3 ;
• NO;
• CF.sub.3 ;
• ##STR137## alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, phenyl;
• naphthyl;
• alkenyl, alkinyl, alkenoxy, and alkinoxy, each having up to 4 carbon atoms;
• aralkyl having 7 to 14 carbon atoms;
• acyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms;
• alkylene or dioxyalkylene, each having up to 4 carbon atoms;
• and the above-mentioned alkyl and aryl substituents in turn can be substituted by halogen, COOR.sup.V or ##STR138## and, in the above-mentioned definitions of the substituents R.sup.1 to R.sup.7,
• R.sup.I represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a phenyl or naphthyl radical, an aralkyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, a heteroaryl radical or an acyl radical having up to 7 carbon atoms, R.sup.II and R.sup.III are identical or different and each represents an alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a phenyl radical, a naphthyl radical, an aralkyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms or a heteroaryl radical,
• R.sup.IV, R.sup.V and R.sup.VI are each identical or different and represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a phenyl or naphthyl radical, an aralkyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms or a heteroaryl radical,
• R.sup.VII and R.sup.VIII are each identical or different and represent a hydrogen atom, a phenyl or naphthyl radical an aralkyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical which has 1 to 6 carbon atoms and which is optionally interrupted by O, S or NR.sup.I, or R.sup.VII and R.sup.VIII, together with the nitrogen atom, form a 5-membered to 7-membered ring which can contain 1 or 2 identical or different hetero ring members selected from O, S or NR.sup.I, or one of the radicals R.sup.VII and R.sup.VIII represents an aliphatic acyl group having up to 6 carbon atoms, R.sup.IX, R.sup.X, R.sup.XI, R.sup.XII, and R.sup.XIII are each identical or different and represent an alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a phenyl or naphthyl radical or an aralkyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms.