Preparation of carbamates
AssigneeShell Oil Company
InventorsEit Drent, Petrus W. N. M. Van Leeuwen
Life of this patent
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Abstract
Process for the preparation of carbamates and/or derivatives thereof by reacting an organic compound containing at least one hydroxyl group with carbon monoxide and an organic nitrogeneous compound in the presence of a catalytic system based on palladium and a ligand according to the general formula: ##STR1## wherein L=N, P, As or Sb; R, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are (un)substituted alkyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl or R and R.sup.1 and/or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may form a ring together with the atom L to which they are attached; R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are H or lower alkyl and n=2, 3 or 4, whereas carbon atoms between the groups L may be part of cyclic or non-cyclic unsaturated structures, and in the presence of an acid promoter.
Claims17
In a process for the preparation of at least one of carbamates and their derivatives by reacting at a temperature from about 75.degree. C. to about 300.degree. C. an organic compound containing at least one hydroxyl group with carbon monoxide and at least one organic nitrogeneous compound containing at least one non-cyclic group in which a nitrogen atom is attached:
- (1) directly to a single carbon atom, or (2) through a double bond to an oxygen or a nitrogen atom, in the presence of a catalytic system consisting essentially of palladium and/or a palladium compound and a Group VA ligand, the improvement which comprises utilizing a ligand according to the general formula:
- ##STR3## wherein each L which may be the same or different, represents a nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony moiety;
- R, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 which may be the same or different, each represent an alkyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl group which may be substituted by one or more inert substituents or R and R.sup.1 and/or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may form a ring structure together with the atom L to which they are attached;
- R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 which may be the same or different, each represent a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group and may form a ring structure together with the atom L and R, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and/or R.sup.3 and n=2, 3 or 4, and utilizing an organic acid promoter wherein the amount of acid present in the reaction mixture lies between 0.01 and 150 equivalents per gram of palladium.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.