# US 4,454,841 A · Automatic liquid thermal pressure regulator and balancing system > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 4,454,841 A - Document ID: US4454841A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 06/260,594 - Filed: 1981-05-06 - Granted: 1984-06-19 - Earliest claimed: 1980-09-16 - Assignees: Optimizer, Limited - Inventors: George G. Reinhard; Gordon L. Osgood, Sr.; Ronald A. Kinde, Sr. - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4454841A ## CPC - F02D 33/006: {depending on engine operating conditions, e.g. start, stop or ambient conditions} - F02M 25/00: Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture (adding secondary air to fuel-air mixture F02M23/00; adding exhaust gases F02M26/00; fuel-injection apparatus operating simultaneously on two or more fuels or on a liquid fuel and another liquid F02M43/00) - F02M 27/02: by catalysts - F02M 31/125: Fuel - F02M 37/0029: {Pressure regulator in the low pressure fuel system (pressure regulator in low-pressure injection apparatus F02M69/54)} - F02M 37/46: Filters structurally associated with pressure regulators - F02M 37/0035: {Thermo sensitive valves} - Y02T 10/12: Improving ICE efficiencies - F02D: CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES (vehicle fittings, acting on a single sub-unit only, for automatically controlling vehicle speed B60K31/00; conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function, road vehicle drive control systems for purposes other than the control of a single sub-unit B60W) - F02M: SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF - Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION ## Abstract An automatic thermal pressure regulator and balancing system adapted for use in an internal combustion engine having a fuel supply conduit connecting a fuel supply and a carburetor. The regulator includes a hollow housing interposed with the fluid supply conduit between the fuel supply and the carburetor. A metallic tubular member is disposed within the housing and includes an inlet disposed in fluid communication with the fuel supply conduit and a pair of outlets communicating with the interior of the housing. A heating element is mounted within the tubular member for heating the fuel flowing between the inlet and outlets of the tubular member. First, second and third co-linear chambers are formed within the housing, with the first and third chambers filled with a metallic mesh material and the second chamber filled with a catalytic agent material reactive with the fuel. Fuel entering the housing flows through the tubular member and is heated by the heating element before exiting into the interior of the housing. The fuel then flows through the first, second and third chambers of the housing before passing through the outlet of the housing into the carburetor. In an alternate embodiment, synthetic fuel in the form of a cellulose nitrate suspension is added to the conventional fuel in predetermined quantities. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An automatic liquid thermal pressure regulator and balancing system adapted for use in an internal combustion engine having a carburetor and a fuel supply conduit for conducting fuel from a fuel supply to said carburetor comprising: a housing having inlet and outlet ports, said housing adapted to be interposed with said fuel supply conduit between said fuel supply and said carburetor, with said outlet port of said housing adapted to be disposed in fluid flow communication with said carburetor; a tubular member disposed within said housing and having an inlet and an outlet, said fuel supply conduit adapted to extend through said housing and be disposed in fluid flow communication with said inlet of said tubular member, said outlet of said tubular member disposed in fluid flow communication with the interior of said housing; a heating element concentrically disposed within said tubular member and spaced therefrom; first, second and third co-linear chambers formed within said housing, said outlet of said tubular member disposed in fluid flow communication with said first chamber and said outlet port of said housing disposed in fluid flow communication with said third chamber; a metallic mesh material disposed within said first and third chambers surrounding said tubular member; a catalytic agent disposed within said second chamber; and wherein fuel enters said housing and flows through said tubular member from said inlet to said outlet and is heated by said heating element to a predetermined temperature, said fuel exiting through said outlet of said tubular member and flowing consecutively through said first, second and third chambers wherein it reacts with said catalytic agent before exiting through said outlet port of said housing. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The pressure regulator of claim 1 further including: temperature sensing means disposed within the tubular member for sensing the temperature of the heating element; and temperature control means, responsive to said temperature sensing means, for maintaining the temperature of said heating element within a predetermined range. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The pressure regulator of claim 1 further including first and second filter means disposed within the housing and interposed respectively between and defining the first, second and third chambers. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The pressure regulator of claim 1 further including external filter means adapted to be interposed between the outlet port of the housing and the carburetor. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The pressure regulator of claim 4 further including bypass means including a conduit adapted to extend in fluid flow communication between the external filter means and the fuel supply conduit in advance of the inlet port of the housing. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The pressure regulator of claim 1 wherein the catalytic agent includes platinum on alumina pellets. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The pressure regulator of claim 1 further including a supply of cellulose nitrate suspension adapted to be added in predetermined quantities to the fuel flowing into the engine. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The pressure regulator of claim 7 wherein the cellulose nitrate suspension is added directly to the fuel supply. ### Claim 9 (depends on 7) The pressure regulator of claim 7 wherein the cellulose nitrate solution is added in metered quantities to the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine. ### Claim 10 (depends on 7) The pressure regulator of claim 7 further including: auxiliary supply means for storing the cellulose nitrate suspension; and metering apparatus disposed in fluid communication with said auxiliary supply and the intake manifold of the engine for supplying the cellulose nitrate suspension to the engine in metered quantities.