Fluidized bed gasifier or similar device for simultaneous classification of ash and unreacted coal
AssigneeInstitute of Gas Technology
InventorKarl S. Vorres
Life of this patent
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Abstract
An apparatus for withdrawing agglomerated solids, e.g. ash, from a fluidized bed of finely divided solid hydrocarbonaceous material, e.g. coal, is described. Agglomeration is effected by a high temperature reaction between the inorganic constituents of the hydrocarbonaceous material in the fluidized bed environment. A venturi is utilized to serve as a passage for withdrawing the agglomerated solids from the fluidized bed. Spiral or other descending ridges are positioned on the interior surface of the constricted cylindrical opening of the venturi to permit variable and increased rates of agglomerate discharge with improved separation and classification of the solid materials.
Claims15
In an apparatus for withdrawing agglomerated solids, from a fluidized bed of solid hydrocarbonaceous particles, said apparatus having an upright vessel containing a fluidized bed of hydrocarbonaceous particles, said vessel having a bottom, means defining a passage positioned at the bottom of said vessel for withdrawal of agglomerated solids from the fluidized bed, said passage having a top end, a bottom end and a constricted opening therebetween, and an upwardly extending portion wherein said agglomerated solids are formed, and means for passing a gas stream upwardly into the bottom of the vessel through said passage, the improvement which comprises means defined on the interior surface of said passage for guiding said agglomerated solids in a helical motion during flow of said solids through said passage from said top end of said constricted opening to said bottom end of said constricted opening, said guiding means comprising at least one spiral ridge positioned on the interior surface of said constricted opening for increasing the rate of solid agglomerate discharge from said fluidized bed.
In an apparatus for withdrawing agglomerated solids from a fluidized bed of solid hydrocarbonaceous particles, said apparatus having an upright vessel containing a fluidized bed of hydrocarbonaceous particles, said vessel having a bottom, means defining a passage positioned at the top of said vessel for withdrawal of agglomerated solids from the fluidized bed, said passage comprising a venturi having a top end, a bottom end and a constricted opening therebetween, means for passing a gas stream upwardly into the bottom of the vessel through the venturi, and an upwardly extending portion wherein said agglomerated solids are formed, the improvement which comprises at least two equally spaced spiral ridges positioned on the interior surface of said constricted opening and projecting into said constricted opening a distance at least equal to the average anticipated diameter of said solid agglomerate which may be more dense than said hydrocarbonaceous particles for increasing the rate of solid agglomerate discharge from said fluidized bed.
In an apparatus for withdrawing agglomerated solids from a fluidized bed of solid hydrocarbonaceous particles, said apparatus having an upright vessel containing a fluidized bed of hydrocarbonaceous particles, said vessel having a bottom, means defining a passage positioned at the bottom of said vessel for withdrawal of the agglomerated solids from the fluidized bed, said passage comprising a venturi having a top end, a bottom end and a constricted cylindrical opening therebetween, means for passing a gas stream through said venturi upwardly into the bottom of the vessel, and an upwardly extending conical portion wherein said agglomerated solids are formed, said agglomerated solids being more dense than said hydrocarbonaceous particles, the improvement which comprises spiral ridge means positioned on the interior surface of said constricted cylindrical opening, said spiral ridge means comprising at least two equally spaced spiral ridges, each spiral ridge projecting into said venturi cylinder a distance at least equal to the average anticipated diameter of said solid agglomerate for increasing the rate of solid agglomerate discharge from said fluidized bed, beginning at said top end of said constricted cylindrical opening and proceeding along the inside surface of said cylindrical opening in a helical fashion, spaced about 90 degrees apart, each spiral ridge accomplishing about a 360 degree revolution in a height equal to the diameter of said constricted cylindrical opening of said venturi, the revolutions of said spiral ridges terminating at a height above said bottom end of said venturi equal to about one-fourth the diameter of said venturi and tapering to the wall of said venturi substantially uniformly at said bottom end of said constricted cylindrical opening.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.