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US 4,421,656 AGranted
Silicone emulsifier composition, invert emulsions therefrom and method therefor
AssigneeDow Corning Corporation
InventorsPhilip A. Donatelli, Joseph W. Keil
Life of this patent
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Abstract
An improved silicone emulsifier composition is disclosed which is particularly useful for preparing thermally stable, solids-free invert emulsions for the deep well-drilling art. The emulsifier composition comprises a surface active polydiorganosiloxane bearing one or more polyoxyalkylene radicals and one or more hydrocarbon radicals having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms and a resin component comprising (CH.sub.3).sub.3 SiO.sub.1/2 siloxane units and SiO.sub.4/2 siloxane units. Improved invert emulsions and a method for their preparation are also disclosed. The invert emulsions comprise the improved silicone emulsifier of this invention as well as a brine discontinuous phase and a liquid hydrocarbon continuous phase.
Claims23
An emulsifier composition consisting essentially of
- (a) from 30 to 90 percent by weight of a polydiorganosiloxane having the formula
- Z.sub.3 SiO{(CH.sub.3).sub.2 SiO}.sub.x {(CH.sub.3)(R)SiO}.sub.y {(CH.sub.3)(Q)SiO}.sub.z SiZ.sub.3
- wherein
- Q denotes a polyoxyalkylene radical having the formula
- --R'O(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.p (CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.3 O).sub.q R",
- R denotes a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms, inclusive,
- R' denotes a divalent organic radical bonded to a silicon atom by a silicon-carbon bond,
- R" denotes a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, cycloaliphatic, aryl, arylalkyl and acyl radicals,
- Z denotes a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, inclusive, or a Q radical, or an R radical,
- x has an average value of from 0 to 400,
- y has an average value of from 0 to 400,
- z has an average value of from 0 to 5,
- x+y+z has an average value of from 30 to 400,
- p has an average value equal to or greater than the average value of q and
- p+q has an average value sufficient to provide a formula weight of from 600 to 3500 for the --(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.p (CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.3 O).sub.q -- portion of the Q radical,
- there being an average of at least one Q radical and an average of at least one R radical per molecule of the polydiorganosiloxane, and
- (b) from 10 to 70 percent by weight of a solid, benzene-soluble organopolysiloxane resin copolymer consisting essentially of (CH.sub.3).sub.3 SiO.sub.1/2 siloxane units and SiO.sub.4/2 siloxane units, there being from 0.6 to 0.9, inclusive, of said (CH.sub.3).sub.3 SiO.sub.1/2 siloxane units for every SiO.sub.4/2 siloxane unit.
14 more elements
An emulsion composition comprising
- (A) 40 to 75 parts by volume of a brine as a discontinuous phase,
- (B) 25 to 60 parts by volume of a liquid hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of paraffins having a flash point of at least 100.degree. F., kerosene, diesel oil, crude oil, turbine fuel, mineral oil and gas oil as a continuous phase, (A) and (B) totaling 100 parts by volume and 100 parts by weight,
- (C) 1.0 to 10 parts by weight, for every 100 parts by weight of brine plus liquid hydrocarbon, of an emulsifier composition consisting essentially of
- (a) from 30 to 90 percent by weight of a polydiorganosiloxane having the formula
- Z.sub.3 SiO{(CH.sub.3).sub.2 SiO}.sub.x {(CH.sub.3)(R)SiO}.sub.y {(CH.sub.3)(Q)SiO}.sub.z SiZ.sub.3
- wherein
- Q denotes a polyoxyalkylene radical having the formula
- --R'O(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.p (CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.3 O).sub.q R",
- R denotes a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms, inclusive,
- R' denotes a divalent organic radical bonded to a silicon atom by a silicon-carbon bond,
- R" denotes a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, cycloaliphatic, aryl, arylalkyl and acyl radicals,
- Z denotes a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, inclusive, or a Q radical, or an R radical,
- x has an average value of from 0 to 400,
- y has an average value of from 0 to 400,
- z has an average value of from 0 to 5,
- x+y+z has an average value of from 30 to 400,
- p has an average value equal to or greater than the average value of q and
- p+q has an average value sufficient to provide a formula weight of from 600 to 3500 for the --(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.p (CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.3 O).sub.q -- portion of the Q radical,
- there being an average of at least one Q radical and an average of at least one R radical per molecule of the polydiorganosiloxane, and
- (b) from 10 to 70 percent by weight of a solid, benzene-soluble organopolysiloxane resin copolymer consisting essentially of (CH.sub.3).sub.3 SiO.sub.1/2 siloxane units and SiO.sub.4/2 siloxane units, there being from 0.6 to 0.9, inclusive, of said (CH.sub.3).sub.3 SiO.sub.1/2 siloxane units for every SiO.sub.4/2 siloxane unit.
17 more elements
A method comprising
- (I) mixing to form a solution,
- (i) 1.0 to 10 parts by weight of an emulsifier composition consisting essentially of
- (a) from 30 to 90 percent by weight of a polydiorganosiloxane having the formula
- Z.sub.3 SiO{(CH.sub.3).sub.2 SiO}.sub.x {(CH.sub.3 (R)SiO}.sub.y {(CH.sub.3)(Q)SiO}.sub.z SiZ.sub.3
- wherein
- Q denotes a polyoxyalkylene radical having the formula
- --R'O(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.p (CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.3 O).sub.q R",
- R denotes a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms, inclusive,
- R' denotes a divalent organic radical bonded to a silicon atom by a silicon-carbon bond,
- R" denotes a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, cycloaliphatic, aryl, arylalkyl and acyl radicals,
- Z denotes a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, inclusive, or a Q radical, or an R radical,
- x has an average value of from 0 to 400,
- y has an average value of from 0 to 400,
- z has an average value of from 0 to 5,
- x+y+z has an average value of from 30 to 400,
- p has an average value equal to or greater than the average value of q and
- p+q has an average value sufficient to provide a formula weight of from 600 to 3500 for the --(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.p (CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.3 O).sub.q -- portion of the Q radical,
- there being an average of at least one Q radical and an average of at least one R radical per molecule of the polydiorganosiloxane, and
- (b) from 10 to 70 percent by weight of a solid, benzene-soluble organopolysiloxane resin copolymer consisting essentially of (CH.sub.3).sub.3 SiO.sub.1/2 siloxane units and SiO.sub.4/2 siloxane units, there being from 0.6 to 0.9, inclusive, of said (CH.sub.3).sub.3 SiO.sub.1/2 siloxane units for every SiO.sub.4/2 siloxane unit, and
- (ii) aV parts by volume of a liquid hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of paraffins having a flash point of at least 100.degree. F., kerosene, diesel oil, crude oil, turbine fuel, mineral oil, and gas oil,
- (II) mixing the solution of step (I) with bV parts by volume of a liquid hydrocarbon selected from the group stated in (ii),
- (III) mixing V' parts by volume of a brine with the solution of step (II) with sufficient shear energy to provide an emulsion having a brine particle size of less than 10 micrometers in diameter, and
- (IV) mixing the emulsion of step (III) with cV parts by volume of a liquid hydrocarbons selected from the group stated in (ii), wherein
- V has a value of from 25 to 60 parts by volume,
- V' has a value of from 40 to 75 parts by volume,
- V+V' total 100 parts by weight and 100 parts by volume,
- a has a value of from greater than zero to 1,
- b has a value of from zero to less than 1,
- c has a value of from zero to less than 1, and
- a+b+c has a value of 1.
27 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.