# US 4,400,626 A · Power distribution system with means for sensing emergency condition and reducing standby power

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- Number: US 4,400,626 A
- Document ID: US4400626A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 06/351,724
- Filed: 1982-02-24
- Granted: 1983-08-23
- Earliest claimed: 1982-02-24
- Assignees: Rockwell International Corporation
- Inventors: Larry D. Lacy
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4400626A

## CPC

- H02J 9/061: {for DC powered loads}
- Y02B 70/30: Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
- Y04S 20/20: End-user application control systems
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- Y02B: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y04S: SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS

## Abstract

A power generating and distribution system employs primary and emergency back-up standby generators with the primary generator normally powering a conversion supply from which critical supplies are directly connected to a user system and non-critical supplies are selectively connected to the user system through electronic switching devices. The switching means are activated by a monitor control which compares a sample of the primary generator voltage level with a reference level of the generator output powering the conversion supply and generates a control signal to close the electronic switching devices only when the monitor sample exceeds the monitor reference.

## Claims

### Claim 1

In a power supply and distribution system for supplying critical and non-critical outputs to a user system:
first primary power generator means and second emergency standby power generating means, first and second power buses, said first power bus connected to the output of said first power generator means, a first switching means connecting the output of said second bus to the output of said first power generator means when said first power generator means is operative, and connecting the output of said second bus to the output of said second power generating means when said first power generating means is inoperative, sensing monitor means comparing a sample input signal proportional in magnitude to the voltage on said first power bus with a reference signal proportional to the level on said second power bus and generating a control signal output when said sample and reference inputs thereto exhibit a predetermined discrepancy therebetween, further switching means through which at least a portion of power supply output lines supplied from said second bus are disconnected from said user system in response to said control signal output from said sensing monitor means,
said first bus connected to a first power conversion means to provide said sample input to said sensing monitor means, said second bus connected to a second power conversion means and a power regulator circuitry from which critical power output is supplied said user system and a reference input is supplied to said sensing monitor means, the output of said second power conversion means being connected as a power input to said sensing monitoring means and to said second switching means, and with non-critical power output from said second power conversion means and said power regulator circuitry being connected through said second switching means to said user system.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The system as defined in claim 1 wherein said sensing monitor means comprises a voltage comparator receiving said sample and reference voltage as respective inputs thereto, said second switching means comprises switching transistors connected in circuit with the output of said comparator, and with said comparator output rendering said switching transistors conductive when said comparator sample input exceeds the reference input thereto and non-conductive when said sample input is less than the reference input thereto.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The system as defined in claim 2 wherein said second switching means comprises a first transistor with base connected to the output of said comparator and collector connected to system ground, and at least one further transistor of the same type as said first transistor with base connected to the emitter of said first transistor, emitter connected to a noncritical supply voltage to be switched and collector connected to said user system.