# US 4,400,576 A · Catalyst preparation

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- Number: US 4,400,576 A
- Document ID: US4400576A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 06/399,039
- Filed: 1982-07-16
- Granted: 1983-08-23
- Earliest claimed: 1980-08-26
- Assignees: Shell Oil Company
- Inventors: Gerrit J. den Otter
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4400576A

## CPC

- B01J 29/22: Noble metals
- C07C 5/2791: {with metals}
- B01J 2229/37: Acid treatment
- C10G 2400/02: Gasoline
- B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- C07C: ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C10G: CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION (cracking to hydrogen or synthesis gas C01B; cracking or pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gases to individual hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof of definite or specified constitution C07C; cracking to cokes C10B); RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES

## Abstract

Catalysts for the isomerization of n-paraffins are prepared by treating mordenite with an acid solution comprising Na- or K-ions and thereafter with a solution of an NH.sub.4 -compound, mixing the thus treated mordenite with an inert binder material on which a Group VIII noble metal has been deposited and finally shaping the resulting mixture under high pressure.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A process for the isomerization of normal paraffins characterized in that normal paraffins are contacted, at elevated temperature and pressure and in the presence of hydrogen, with a catalyst prepared by:
(a) treating mordenite with a solution prepared by incorporating potassium and/or sodium ions in an aqueous acid solution having a normality between 0.5 and 3.0, in an amount which, expressed in grams per liter, is at least ten times the normality of the aqueous acid solution;
(b) treating the resulting mordenite with an aqueous solution of an ammonium compound, therein forming ammonium mordenite;
(c) mixing said ammonium mordenite with an amorphous material consisting essentially of one or more oxides of metals of groups II, III and IV, on which amorphous material one or more noble metals of group VIII has been deposited; and
(d) subjecting the resulting mixture to shaping under high pressure.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1, wherein the acid treatment of step a is carried out at elevated temperature, using an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution with a normality between 1.0 and 2.0, which solution has been saturated with sodium chloride.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1, 2)

The process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the treatment with the ammonium compound in step b is carried out with an aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate having a molarity of 0.1 to 10.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1 wherein the treatment with the ammonium compound in step b is repeated until the mordenite does not give off any more alkali metal in amounts detectable by analysis.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1 wherein said amorphous material is alumina.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1 wherein said noble metal is platinum.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1 wherein said resulting mixture of step d contains 0.1 to 1.5% weight noble metal of group VIII.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1 wherein the resulting mixture of step d contains 5-50 percent by weight amorphous material loaded with noble metal of group VIII.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1 wherein said normal paraffins have 4 to 10 carbon atoms.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The process according to claim 9 wherein said normal paraffin is n-pentane.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1 wherein said normal paraffins are contacted with said catalyst at a temperature of 150.degree. to 300.degree. C., a pressure of 3 to 50 bar, a space velocity, based on said mordenite, of 0.5 to 10 Kg.multidot.Kg.sup.-1 .multidot.h.sup.-1 and a molar ratio of hydrogen to normal paraffin of 0.5:1 to 10:1.