# US 4,400,448 A · Electrochemical construction

> Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt

- Number: US 4,400,448 A
- Document ID: US4400448A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 06/373,392
- Filed: 1982-04-30
- Granted: 1983-08-23
- Earliest claimed: 1981-06-01
- Assignees: Exxon Research & Engineering Co.
- Inventors: Harry Einstein; Patrick G. Grimes
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4400448A

## CPC

- H01M 50/138: adapted for specific cells, e.g. electrochemical cells operating at high temperature
- H01M 10/365: {Zinc-halogen accumulators}
- H01M 8/0213: Gas-impermeable carbon-containing materials
- H01M 8/0273: with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
- H01M 8/0289: Means for holding the electrolyte (solid polymer electrolytes H01M8/1018)
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- Y02E 60/50: Fuel cells
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

An electrochemical cell construction features a novel co-extruded plastic electrode in an interleaved construction with a novel integral separator-spacer. Also featured is a leak and impact resistant construction for preventing the spill of corrosive materials in the event of rupture.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A leak and impact resistant construction for a zinc-bromine electrochemical cell, comprising:
a series of leak-resistant compartments nested within each other, including:
a first inner compartment for storing a bromine-rich phase;
a second compartment substantially surrounding said first inner compartment and containing a first electrolyte for circulation through said cell;
a third compartment substantially surrounding both said second and first compartments and containing a second electrolyte for circulation through said cell; and
an outer casing substantially surrounding said first, second and third compartments.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The leak and impact resistant construction of claim 1, wherein said first electrolyte comprises a catholyte of said zinc-bromine cell.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The leak and impact resistant construction of claim 1, wherein said second electrolyte comprises an anolyte of said zinc-bromine cell.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The leak and impact resistant construction of claim 1, wherein said bromine-rich phase is a non-aqueous phase.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The leak and impact resistant construction of claim 1, wherein said bromine-rich phase comprises at least one bromine complexing agent.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The leak and impact resistant construction of claim 1, wherein each compartment comprises a chemically inert plastic frame.

### Claim 7 (depends on 2)

The leak and impact resistant construction of claim 2, wherein said catholyte comprises a bromine complexing agent.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The leak and impact resistant construction of claim 1, wherein said outer casing is comprised of an impact resistant material.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The leak and impact resistant construction of claim 1, wherein said outer casing is comprised of plastic.

### Claim 10

A leak and impact resistant construction for an electrochemical system, comprising:
a series of leak-resistant compartments nested within each other, including:
a first inner compartment for storing a second phase;
a second compartment substantially surrounding said first inner compartment and containing a first electrolyte from which a second phase separates for circulation through said cell;
a third compartment substantially surrounding both said second and first compartments and containing a second electrolyte for circulation through said cell; and
an outer casing substantially surrounding said first, second and third compartments.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The leak and impact resistant construction of claim 10, wherein said first electrolyte comprises a catholyte of said system.

### Claim 12 (depends on 10)

The leak and impact resistant construction of claim 10, wherein said second electrolyte comprises an anolyte of said system.

### Claim 13 (depends on 10)

The leak and impact resistant construction of claim 10, wherein said second phase is substantially non-aqueous.

### Claim 14 (depends on 10)

The leak and impact resistant construction of claim 10, wherein said second phase comprises at least one organic agent.

### Claim 15 (depends on 10)

The leak and impact resistant construction of claim 10, wherein each compartment comprises a chemically inert matallic frame.

### Claim 16 (depends on 11)

The leak and impact resistant construction of claim 11, wherein said catholyte partially comprises a product extraction complexing agent.

### Claim 17 (depends on 10)

The leak and impact resistant construction of claim 10, wherein said first electrolyte comprises an anolyte of said system.

### Claim 18 (depends on 10)

The leak and impact resistant construction of claim 10, wherein said second electrolyte comprises a catholyte of said system.

### Claim 19 (depends on 12)

The leak and impact resistant construction of claim 12, wherein said anolyte comprises substantially organic extractant for products.

### Claim 20 (depends on 17)

The leak and impact resistant construction of claim 17, wherein said anolyte comprises a substantially organic extractant for products.

### Claim 21 (depends on 12)

The leak and impact resistant construction of claim 12, wherein said anolyte comprises substantially a non-aqueous phase for carrying reactants.

### Claim 22 (depends on 17)

The leak and impact resistant construction of claim 17, wherein said anolyte comprises substantially a non-aqueous phase for carrying reactants.

### Claim 23 (depends on 11)

The leak and impact resistant construction of claim 11, wherein the catholyte comprises substantially a non-aqueous phase for carrying reactants.

### Claim 24 (depends on 18)

The leak and impact resistant construction of claim 18, wherein the catholyte comprises substantially a non-aqueous phase for carrying reactants.