# US 4,400,060 A · Cell isolation in bistable nematic liquid crystal cells

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- Number: US 4,400,060 A
- Document ID: US4400060A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 06/252,148
- Filed: 1981-04-08
- Granted: 1983-08-23
- Earliest claimed: 1981-04-08
- Assignees: Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated
- Inventors: Julian Cheng
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4400060A

## CPC

- G02F 1/13725: {based on guest-host interaction (G02F1/13762, G02F1/13737, take precedence)}
- G02F 1/1337: Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F 1/133753: {with different alignment orientations or pretilt angles on a same surface, e.g. for grey scale or improved viewing angle}
- G02F 1/1391: {Bistable or multi-stable liquid crystal cells (G02F1/141 takes precedence)}
- G02F 1/133738: {for homogeneous alignment}
- G02F 1/133742: {for homeotropic alignment}
- G02F 1/133761: {with different pretilt angles}
- G02F: OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS

## Abstract

In order to prevent drift between the two stable states in the bulk of the liquid crystal material, a specific cell isolation region formed from the same liquid crystal material is required. This cell isolation is provided in one embodiment by a uniformly tilted liquid crystal alignment. The surface of the substrates between which the liquid crystal material is disposed is treated to provide the uniform tilt in regions which surround the bistable volumes of liquid crystal material.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A liquid crystal cell comprising a liquid crystal material having orientational directors disposed between a first substrate surface of a first substrate and a second substrate surface of a second substrate, said liquid crystal material being mainly in the nematic mesophase, and said substrate surfaces being treated so that said orientational directors are aligned in predetermined patterns at said substrate surfaces, which patterns provided substantially bistable volumes in said liquid crystal material;
characterized in that:
at least two of said substantially bistable volumes are separated by a neutral isolation region, said first substrate surface is treated so that, along a portion of the boundary between one of said at least two substantially bistable volumes and said neutral isolation region, the space angle between the orientational director alignments on one side of the boundary and the orientational director alignments on the other side of the boundary has a value substantially in the range of 45 degrees to 135 degrees; and
said second substrate surface is treated so that, along a portion of the boundary between said one of said at least two substantially bistable volumes and said neutral isolation region, there is substantially no discontinuity in orientational director alignment.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

A liquid crystal cell in accordance with claim 1 wherein the orientational directors in said neutral isolation region are substantially parallel to a first plane.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

A liquid crystal cell in accordance with claim 2 wherein the orientational directors in said neutral isolation region are aligned at substantially the same angle relative to said first or said second substrate.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

A liquid crystal cell in accordance with claim 3 wherein the orientational directors in at least one of said two bistable volumes are substantially parallel to a second plane.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

A liquid crystal cell in accordance with claim 4 wherein said first plane is substantially parallel to said second plane.

### Claim 6 (depends on 4)

A liquid crystal cell in accordance with claim 4 wherein said first plane is substantially perpendicular to said second plane.