# US 4,399,860 A · Apparatus for strip casting > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 4,399,860 A - Document ID: US4399860A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 06/193,766 - Filed: 1980-10-03 - Granted: 1983-08-23 - Earliest claimed: 1980-10-03 - Assignees: Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corporation - Inventors: Robert H. Johns - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US4399860A ## CPC - B22D 11/064: {for supplying molten metal (supplying molten metal to open-ended moulds B22D11/10)} - B22D: CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES (shaping of plastics or substances in a plastic state B29C; metallurgical processing, selection of substances to be added to metal C21, C22) ## Abstract An apparatus for continuously casting strip material is disclosed comprising a tundish having an internal cavity for receiving and holding molten metal and an orifice passage through which the molten metal is delivered from the cavity to a casting surface located within about 0.120 inch of the orifice passage and movable past the orifice passage at a speed of from 200 to 10,000 linear surface feet per minute. The tundish has at least one molten metal resistant upper block and at least one molten metal resistant lower block vertically aligned and secured sufficiently to prevent molten metal in the cavity from passing through the interface of the secured blocks. The orifice passage has a substantially uniform width dimension, of at least about 0.010 inch, throughout the longitudinal extent thereof. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An apparatus for continuously casting strip material comprising: a tundish having an internal cavity for receiving and holding molten metal, and an orifice passage through which the molten metal is delivered from the cavity to a casting surface located within about 0.120 inch of the orifice passage and movable past the orifice passage at a speed of from 200 to 10,000 linear surface feet per minute, said tundish being constructed of a plurality of molten metal resistant blocks, and having at least one molten metal resistant upper block and at least one molten metal resistant lower block vertically aligned and secured, means for securing together the plurality of molten metal resistant blocks sufficiently to prevent molten metal in the cavity from passing through the interface of the secured blocks, and said orifice passage having a substantially uniform width dimension of at least about 0.010 inch, throughout the longitudinal extent thereof. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein the orifice passage is formed by relieving a portion of at least one of the aligned blocks. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein additional intermediate molten metal resistant blocks are vertically aligned and secured between the upper block and the lower block. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1, 3) An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 or claim 3 wherein the blocks are molten metal resistant material selected from the group consisting of fiberized kaolin, graphite, alumina graphite, clay graphite, fire clay, quartz, boron nitride, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, boron carbide, silica, alumina, zirconia, stabilized zirconium silicate, magnesia, chrome magnesite and combinations thereof. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein at least a portion of at least one surface forming the orifice passage comprises a plate disposed adjacent a block, which plate is at least as resistant to molten metal as the block. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) An apparatus as set forth in claim 5 wherein at least a portion of at least one surface forming the orifice passage comprises a plate which is more resistant to molten metal than the blocks. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5, 6) An apparatus as set forth in claim 5 or 6 wherein the plate is a molten metal resistant material selected from the group consisting of boron nitride, quartz, graphite, clay graphite, fire clay, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, boron carbide, silica, alumina, zirconia, stabilized zirconium silicate, magnesia, chrome magnesite and combinations thereof. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) An apparatus as set forth in claim 6 wherein the apparatus further includes at least one heating lance directed through a portion of the tundish toward an outside surface of the plate with respect to the orifice passage, and an aperture through which combustion products from the lance may escape the tundish. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) An apparatus as set forth in claim 8 wherein a heat conductive layer is provided on the outside surface of the plate at the location where the heating gases impinge thereon from the lance. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) An apparatus as set forth in claim 9 wherein the heat conductive layer is graphite. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein the blocks are secured by mechanical clamping devices. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) An apparatus as set forth in claim 11 wherein the mechanical clamping device comprises a screw clamp disposed over a rear portion of the tundish and a spring loaded clamp disposed over a central portion of the tundish securing the tundish onto a support table disposed against a bottom surface of the tundish. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein the blocks are secured by a refractory cement. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) An apparatus as set forth in claim 13 wherein the refractory cement is an alumina silica cement. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein the cavity consists of at least one introductory cavity portion and a base cavity portion in communication therewith. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) An apparatus as set forth in claim 15 wherein the introductory cavity portion is generally tubular. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) An apparatus as set forth in claim 16 wherein the introductory cavity is defined through a plurality of aligned blocks. ### Claim 18 (depends on 15) An apparatus as set forth in claim 15 wherein the base cavity is formed in a hollow section of the lower block. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) An apparatus as set forth in claim 18 wherein the base cavity has a bottom surface the majority of which is disposed below the height of the orifice passage. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) An apparatus as set forth in claim 19 wherein the bottom surface of the base cavity extends upwardly toward the orifice passage at an angle of at least about 20.degree. from horizontal. ### Claim 21 (depends on 19) An apparatus as set forth in claim 19 wherein the bottom surface of the base cavity extends upwardly toward the orifice passage at an angle of at least about 30.degree. from horizontal. ### Claim 22 (depends on 19) An apparatus as set forth in claim 19 wherein the base cavity has a height of at least 0.125 inch at least at a rearward location of the base cavity. ### Claim 23 (depends on 22) An apparatus as set forth in claim 22 wherein the central portion of the base cavity has a height of at least 0.10 inch greater than the height of the base cavity as measured at both lateral edges of the base cavity. ### Claim 24 (depends on 1) An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein the tundish is reciprocal toward and from the casting surface. ### Claim 25 (depends on 1) An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein the orifice passage has a width less than about 0.120 inch. ### Claim 26 (depends on 1) An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein the orifice passage has a width less than about 0.080 inch. ### Claim 27 (depends on 1) An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein the orifice passage has a width of about 0.020 to 0.060 inch. ### Claim 28 (depends on 1) An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein the orifice passage has a width of about 0.030 to 0.050 inch. ### Claim 29 (depends on 1) An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein the casting surface is located within about 0.080 inch from the orifice passage. ### Claim 30 (depends on 1) An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein the casting surface is located within about 0.020 inch from the orifice passage. ### Claim 31 (depends on 1) An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein the casting surface is located within about 0.015 inch from the orifice passage. ### Claim 32 (depends on 1) An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein the orifice passage is defined between an upper lip and a lower lip, and both lateral end portions of the lower lip are spaced from the end portions of the upper lip to a width less than about 2.0 times the substantially uniform width dimension of the orifice passage for a length of less than about three times the substantially uniform width dimensions of the orifice passage. ### Claim 33 (depends on 1) An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein the orifice passage is defined between an upper lip and a lower lip, and both lateral end portions of the lower lip are spaced from the end portion of the upper lip to a width less than about 1.5 times the substantially uniform width dimension of the orifice passage for a length of less than about twice the substantially uniform width dimension of the orifice passage. ### Claim 34 An apparatus for continuously casting strip material comprising: a tundish having an internal cavity for receiving and holding molten metal, and an orifice passage through which the molten metal is delivered from the cavity to a casting surface, located within about 0.020 inch from the orifice passage and movable past the orifice passage at a speed of from 200 to 10,000 linear surface feet per minute, said tundish having at least one molten metal resistant upper block, one molten metal resistant lower block and at least one molten metal resistant intermediate block vertically aligned and clamped sufficiently to prevent molten metal in the cavity from passing through the interface of the secured blocks, and said orifice passage formed between the lower block and an inside surface with respect to the orifice passage, of a boron nitride plate disposed within an intermediate block adjacent said lower block, said orifice passage having a substantially uniform width dimension of about 0.030 to 0.050 inch through the longitudinal extent thereof, said cavity consisting of at least one tubular introductory cavity extending from the upper block through the intermediate blocks in communication with the base cavity formed in a section of the lower block with the majority of a bottom surface of the base cavity disposed below the height of the orifice passage and extending upwardly toward the orifice passage at an angle of at least about 30.degree. from horizontal, and at least one heating lance directed through a portion of the tundish for directing heating gases against a graphite coating on an outside surface, with respect to the orifice passage, of the boron nitride plate to heat said plate, and at least one aperture in the tundish through which combustion products from the lance may escape the tundish.